महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-45, verse-53

ततो भीष्मरथात्तूर्णमुत्पतन्ति पतत्रिणः ।
यैरन्तरिक्षं भूमिश्च सर्वतः समवस्तृतम् ॥५३॥

53. tato bhīṣmarathāttūrṇamutpatanti patatriṇaḥ ,
yairantarikṣaṁ bhūmiśca sarvataḥ samavastṛtam.

53. tataḥ bhīṣma-rathāt tūrṇam utpatanti patatriṇaḥ
yaiḥ antarikṣam bhūmiḥ ca sarvataḥ samavastṛtam

53. tataḥ bhīṣma-rathāt tūrṇam patatriṇaḥ utpatanti
yaiḥ antarikṣam ca bhūmiḥ sarvataḥ samavastṛtam

53. Then, winged creatures swiftly fly up from Bhishma's chariot, by which the sky and the earth were entirely covered on all sides.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, thereupon

• भीष्म-रथात् (bhīṣma-rathāt) - from Bhishma's chariot

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

• उत्पतन्ति (utpatanti) - they fly up, they rise up

• पतत्रिणः (patatriṇaḥ) - birds, winged creatures

• यैः (yaiḥ) - by whom, by which

• अन्तरिक्षम् (antarikṣam) - sky, atmosphere, space

• भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - earth, ground, land

• च (ca) - and

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - on all sides, everywhere, completely

• समवस्तृतम् (samavastṛtam) - covered, spread over, encompassed

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time or sequence.

भीष्म-रथात् (bhīṣma-rathāt) - from Bhishma's chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma-ratha

bhīṣma-ratha - Bhishma's chariot

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhīṣma+ratha)

• bhīṣma – Bhishma (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)

Note: Source from which the birds rise.

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Can also be an adjective. Here used as an adverb.

Note: Adverb modifying "utpatanti".

उत्पतन्ति (utpatanti) - they fly up, they rise up

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pat

Prefix: ut

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Subject is "patatriṇaḥ".

पतत्रिणः (patatriṇaḥ) - birds, winged creatures

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of patatrin

patatrin - winged, bird, feathered

Derived from root pat (to fly) and suffix -atrin.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Subject of "utpatanti".

यैः (yaiḥ) - by whom, by which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Agent of the passive verb "samavastṛtam".

अन्तरिक्षम् (antarikṣam) - sky, atmosphere, space

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of antarikṣa

antarikṣa - intermediate space, atmosphere, sky, firmament

Note: Subject of the passive verb "samavastṛtam", along with "bhūmiḥ".

भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - earth, ground, land

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil

Note: Subject of the passive verb "samavastṛtam", along with "antarikṣam".

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects "antarikṣam" and "bhūmiḥ".

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - on all sides, everywhere, completely

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'sarva' (all) with the suffix 'tas'.

Note: Adverb modifying "samavastṛtam".

समवस्तृतम् (samavastṛtam) - covered, spread over, encompassed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samavastṛta

samavastṛta - covered, spread over, encompassed

past passive participle

Derived from root stṛ (to spread) with upasargas sam and ava, and suffix kta.

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: stṛ (class 5)

Note: Predicate for "antarikṣam" and "bhūmiḥ". The singular neuter form "samavastṛtam" is used because "antarikṣam" is neuter singular, and the compound subject "antarikṣam ca bhūmiḥ" can take a neuter singular participle.