महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-45, verse-39

तया भिन्नतनुत्राणः प्रविश्य विपुलं तमः ।
स पपात गजस्कन्धात्प्रमुक्ताङ्कुशतोमरः ॥३९॥

39. tayā bhinnatanutrāṇaḥ praviśya vipulaṁ tamaḥ ,
sa papāta gajaskandhātpramuktāṅkuśatomaraḥ.

39. tayā bhinnatanutrāṇaḥ praviśya vipulam tamaḥ
sa papāta gajaskandhāt pramuktāṅkuśatomaraḥ

39. tayā bhinnatanutrāṇaḥ sa pramuktāṅkuśatomaraḥ
vipulam tamaḥ praviśya gajaskandhāt papāta

39. With his armor shattered by that (śakti), he fell from the elephant's back, having entered a vast darkness and having dropped his elephant goad and spear.

Words meanings summery:

• तया (tayā) - by that (spear/śakti) (by that, by her)

• भिन्नतनुत्राणः (bhinnatanutrāṇaḥ) - with his (Bhīma's) armor shattered (whose armor is shattered, with shattered armor)

• प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered (having entered, after entering)

• विपुलम् (vipulam) - vast (vast, extensive, great)

• तमः (tamaḥ) - vast darkness (of unconsciousness or death) (darkness, gloom, ignorance)

• स (sa) - he (Bhīma) (he, that)

• पपात (papāta) - fell (fell, dropped, descended)

• गजस्कन्धात् (gajaskandhāt) - from the elephant's back (from the elephant's shoulder/back)

• प्रमुक्ताङ्कुशतोमरः (pramuktāṅkuśatomaraḥ) - having dropped his (elephant) goad and spear (whose goad and spear are dropped/released)

Words meanings and morphology

तया (tayā) - by that (spear/śakti) (by that, by her)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'śakti' from the previous verse.

भिन्नतनुत्राणः (bhinnatanutrāṇaḥ) - with his (Bhīma's) armor shattered (whose armor is shattered, with shattered armor)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhinnatanutrāṇa

bhinnatanutrāṇa - having shattered armor, whose armor is broken

Compound: bhinna (shattered) + tanutrāṇa (armor)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhinna+tanutrāṇa)

• bhinna – broken, shattered, pierced
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  root bhid + kta suffix
  Root: bhid (class 7)
• tanutrāṇa – armor, body-protection
  noun (neuter)
  Compound: tanu (body) + trāṇa (protection)
  Root: trā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'sa' (Bhīma).

प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered (having entered, after entering)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

pra + root viś + lyap suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Expresses an action preceding 'papāta'.

विपुलम् (vipulam) - vast (vast, extensive, great)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vipula

vipula - vast, broad, extensive, great

Note: Qualifies 'tamaḥ'.

तमः (tamaḥ) - vast darkness (of unconsciousness or death) (darkness, gloom, ignorance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance

s-stem noun

Root: tam (class 4)

Note: Direct object of 'praviśya'.

स (sa) - he (Bhīma) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Bhīma.

पपात (papāta) - fell (fell, dropped, descended)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pat

Perfect

Reduplicated past tense form of the root

Root: pat (class 1)

गजस्कन्धात् (gajaskandhāt) - from the elephant's back (from the elephant's shoulder/back)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of gajaskandha

gajaskandha - elephant's shoulder or back

Compound: gaja (elephant) + skandha (shoulder/back)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gaja+skandha)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• skandha – shoulder, trunk, branch
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates separation from the elephant's back.

प्रमुक्ताङ्कुशतोमरः (pramuktāṅkuśatomaraḥ) - having dropped his (elephant) goad and spear (whose goad and spear are dropped/released)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pramuktāṅkuśatomara

pramuktāṅkuśatomara - having released (his) goad and tomara (spear)

Bahuvrīhi compound: pramukta (released) + aṅkuśa (goad) + tomara (spear)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pramukta+aṅkuśa+tomara)

• pramukta – released, dropped, set free
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  pra + root muc + kta suffix
  Prefix: pra
  Root: muc (class 6)
• aṅkuśa – elephant goad, hook
  noun (masculine)
• tomara – spear, javelin
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'sa' (Bhīma).