महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-45, verse-63

भीष्मं च समुदीर्यन्तं दृष्ट्वा पार्था महाहवे ।
अवहारमकुर्वन्त सैन्यानां भरतर्षभ ॥६३॥

63. bhīṣmaṁ ca samudīryantaṁ dṛṣṭvā pārthā mahāhave ,
avahāramakurvanta sainyānāṁ bharatarṣabha.

63. bhīṣmaṃ ca samudīryantaṃ dṛṣṭvā pārthāḥ mahāhave
avahāraṃ akurvanta sainyānāṃ bharatarṣabha

63. bharatarṣabha pārthāḥ mahāhave bhīṣmaṃ ca
samudīryantaṃ dṛṣṭvā sainyānāṃ avahāraṃ akurvanta

63. O best of Bharatas, seeing Bhishma vigorously exerting himself in the great battle, the sons of Pritha (Pāṇḍavas) ordered the armies to retreat.

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मं (bhīṣmaṁ) - Bhishma

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• समुदीर्यन्तं (samudīryantaṁ) - vigorously exerting himself (rousing himself, exerting himself, rising up)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

• पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the sons of Pritha (the Pāṇḍavas) (sons of Pritha (Kuntī), Arjuna, Yudhishthira, Bhima etc.)

• महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle (in a great battle, in the great war)

• अवहारं (avahāraṁ) - a withdrawal (retreat) (withdrawal, retreat, removal)

• अकुर्वन्त (akurvanta) - they ordered (a withdrawal) (they made, they did)

• सैन्यानां (sainyānāṁ) - of the armies

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मं (bhīṣmaṁ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a warrior), terrible, formidable

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction

समुदीर्यन्तं (samudīryantaṁ) - vigorously exerting himself (rousing himself, exerting himself, rising up)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samudīryant

samudīryant - rousing, exerting, uplifting, acting powerfully

Present Active Participle

From 'sam' (prefix) + 'ud' (prefix) + root 'īr' (to rouse, stir up) + 'śatṛ' suffix

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: īr (class 2)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'dṛś' (to see) + 'tvā' suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the sons of Pritha (the Pāṇḍavas) (sons of Pritha (Kuntī), Arjuna, Yudhishthira, Bhima etc.)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna, Yudhishthira, Bhima

Derived from 'pṛthā' (Kuntī) + 'aṇ' suffix

Note: Subject of 'akurvanta'

महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle (in a great battle, in the great war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāhava

mahāhava - great battle, mighty combat

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+hava)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• hava – battle, combat, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'hu' (to offer, call)
  Root: hu (class 3)

अवहारं (avahāraṁ) - a withdrawal (retreat) (withdrawal, retreat, removal)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avahāra

avahāra - withdrawal, removal, retreat, theft

From 'ava' (prefix) + root 'hṛ' (to take, carry)

Prefix: ava

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'akurvanta'

अकुर्वन्त (akurvanta) - they ordered (a withdrawal) (they made, they did)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect

Root 'kṛ' (class 8), 3rd person plural, middle voice (ātmanepada) form in imperfect (laṅ)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The 'a' is the augment for imperfect tense.

सैन्यानां (sainyānāṁ) - of the armies

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of sainya

sainya - army, military force, relating to an army

Derived from 'senā' (army) + 'ya' suffix

Note: Possessive for 'avahāraṃ'

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of the Bharatas, bull among Bharatas

Compound type : tatpurusha (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata, a Bharata (name of a king, a sage, a warrior)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Dhritarashtra by Sanjaya