महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-45, verse-54

पाञ्चालानथ मत्स्यांश्च केकयांश्च प्रभद्रकान् ।
भीष्मः प्रहरतां श्रेष्ठः पातयामास मार्गणैः ॥५४॥

54. pāñcālānatha matsyāṁśca kekayāṁśca prabhadrakān ,
bhīṣmaḥ praharatāṁ śreṣṭhaḥ pātayāmāsa mārgaṇaiḥ.

54. Pāñcālān atha matsyān ca kekayān ca prabhadrkān
bhīṣmaḥ praharatām śreṣṭhaḥ pātayāmāsa mārgaṇaiḥ

54. bhīṣmaḥ praharatām śreṣṭhaḥ Pāñcālān atha matsyān
ca kekayān ca prabhadrkān mārgaṇaiḥ pātayāmāsa

54. Bhishma, the foremost among warriors, then struck down the Pāñcālas, Matsyas, Kekayas, and Prabhadrkas with his arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - the Pāñcālas (a people/kingdom)

• अथ (atha) - then, and, moreover

• मत्स्यान् (matsyān) - the Matsyas (a people/kingdom)

• च (ca) - and

• केकयान् (kekayān) - the Kekayas (a people/kingdom)

• च (ca) - and

• प्रभद्र्कान् (prabhadrkān) - the Prabhadrkas (a people/tribe)

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• प्रहरताम् (praharatām) - of those striking, among warriors, among fighters

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, foremost, most excellent

• पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - caused to fall, struck down, felled

• मार्गणैः (mārgaṇaiḥ) - with arrows

Words meanings and morphology

पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - the Pāñcālas (a people/kingdom)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of Pāñcāla

Pāñcāla - A kingdom and its people in ancient India, located in the Ganges-Yamuna Doab.

अथ (atha) - then, and, moreover

(indeclinable)

मत्स्यान् (matsyān) - the Matsyas (a people/kingdom)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of matsya

matsya - A kingdom and its people in ancient India, often associated with the region of modern-day Jaipur.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

केकयान् (kekayān) - the Kekayas (a people/kingdom)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kekaya

kekaya - A kingdom and its people in ancient India, located in the north-western region.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

प्रभद्र्कान् (prabhadrkān) - the Prabhadrkas (a people/tribe)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prabhadrka

prabhadrka - A specific group or tribe, possibly allies of the Pāṇḍavas.

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - A prominent character in the Mahābhārata, son of Shantanu and Ganga, grandfather of the Kuru princes, and a great warrior.

प्रहरताम् (praharatām) - of those striking, among warriors, among fighters

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of praharat

praharat - striking, inflicting a blow, attacker, warrior

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root 'hṛ' (to seize, carry, strike) with the prefix 'pra-' and the present participle suffix '-śatṛ'.

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛ (class 1)

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, foremost, most excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, chief, excellent, superior

पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - caused to fall, struck down, felled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of pātayāmāsa

Causative perfect form of the root 'pat'.

Root: pat (class 1)

मार्गणैः (mārgaṇaiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mārgaṇa

mārgaṇa - an arrow; a search, an inquiry