महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-45, verse-49

तत्रार्जुनः संत्वरितः शङ्खस्यासीत्पुरःसरः ।
भीष्माद्रक्ष्योऽयमद्येति ततो युद्धमवर्तत ॥४९॥

49. tatrārjunaḥ saṁtvaritaḥ śaṅkhasyāsītpuraḥsaraḥ ,
bhīṣmādrakṣyo'yamadyeti tato yuddhamavartata.

49. tatra arjunaḥ saṃtvaritaḥ śaṅkhasya āsīt puraḥsaraḥ
bhīṣmāt rakṣyaḥ ayam adya iti tataḥ yuddham avartata

49. tatra saṃtvaritaḥ arjunaḥ śaṅkhasya puraḥsaraḥ āsīt,
"ayam adya bhīṣmāt rakṣyaḥ" iti.
tataḥ yuddham avartata

49. There, Arjuna, rushing quickly, went forth as Shankha's protector (purassra), thinking, "He must be protected from Bhishma today!" Following this, the battle commenced.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there (on the battlefield) (there, in that place)

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna (Arjuna (proper noun))

• संत्वरितः (saṁtvaritaḥ) - greatly hurried, rushing quickly (hurried, quick, swift)

• शङ्खस्य (śaṅkhasya) - of Shankha (of Shankha, relating to Shankha)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, he was)

• पुरःसरः (puraḥsaraḥ) - protector (going before, leader, forerunner, protector)

• भीष्मात् (bhīṣmāt) - from Bhishma

• रक्ष्यः (rakṣyaḥ) - must be protected (to be protected, protectable)

• अयम् (ayam) - this one (Shankha) (this, this one)

• अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

• इति (iti) - (marking the end of a thought/statement) (thus, so, (marker of direct speech/thought))

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, following this (then, thence, afterwards)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle (battle, fight)

• अवर्तत (avartata) - ensued, commenced (it ensued, it took place, it turned)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there (on the battlefield) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna (Arjuna (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (a name), white, silver

Root: ṛj (class 1)

संत्वरितः (saṁtvaritaḥ) - greatly hurried, rushing quickly (hurried, quick, swift)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃtvarita

saṁtvarita - hurried, quick, swift

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root tvar (to hasten) with upasarga sam

Prefix: sam

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'arjunaḥ'

शङ्खस्य (śaṅkhasya) - of Shankha (of Shankha, relating to Shankha)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śaṅkha

śaṅkha - Shankha (a name), conch shell

Root: śam (class 1)

आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, he was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect 3rd Singular Active

Root as (class 2)

Root: as (class 2)

पुरःसरः (puraḥsaraḥ) - protector (going before, leader, forerunner, protector)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puraḥsara

puraḥsara - going before, leader, protector

Compound of puras (before) and sara (going) from root sṛ (to go)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puras+sara)

• puras – before, in front of
  indeclinable
• sara – going, moving
  noun (masculine)
  kṛt suffix
  Derived from root sṛ (to go)
  Root: sṛ (class 1)

भीष्मात् (bhīṣmāt) - from Bhishma

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a name)

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Indicates source of danger or separation.

रक्ष्यः (rakṣyaḥ) - must be protected (to be protected, protectable)

(gerundive)

Note: Qualifies 'ayam'.

अयम् (ayam) - this one (Shankha) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, he

Note: Refers to Shankha.

अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - (marking the end of a thought/statement) (thus, so, (marker of direct speech/thought))

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, following this (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle (battle, fight)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (n.)

Derived from root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

अवर्तत (avartata) - ensued, commenced (it ensued, it took place, it turned)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛt

Imperfect 3rd Singular Middle/Passive

Root vṛt (class 1, ātmanepada)

Root: vṛt (class 1)