महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-45, verse-6

नृत्यतो रथमार्गेषु भीष्मस्य भरतर्षभ ।
केचिदार्तस्वरं चक्रुर्नागा मर्मणि ताडिताः ॥६॥

6. nṛtyato rathamārgeṣu bhīṣmasya bharatarṣabha ,
kecidārtasvaraṁ cakrurnāgā marmaṇi tāḍitāḥ.

6. nṛtyataḥ rathamārgeṣu bhīṣmasya bharatarṣabha
kecit ārtasvaram cakruḥ nāgāḥ marmaṇi tāḍitāḥ

6. bharatarṣabha bhīṣmasya nṛtyataḥ rathamārgeṣu
kecit nāgāḥ marmaṇi tāḍitāḥ ārtasvaram cakruḥ

6. O best among the Bharatas (bharatarṣabha), as Bhishma danced (nṛtyataḥ) along the chariot paths, some elephants (nāgāḥ), struck in their vital spots, emitted cries of distress.

Words meanings summery:

• नृत्यतः (nṛtyataḥ) - while Bhishma was maneuvering swiftly (dancing, prancing, moving swiftly)

• रथमार्गेषु (rathamārgeṣu) - in the chariot paths, on the roads for chariots

• भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhishma

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas

• केचित् (kecit) - some, certain ones

• आर्तस्वरम् (ārtasvaram) - a cry of distress, piteous sound

• चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they emitted, they let out (they made, they did)

• नागाः (nāgāḥ) - elephants (elephants, snakes)

• मर्मणि (marmaṇi) - in the vital spot, in the vulnerable point

• ताडिताः (tāḍitāḥ) - struck, hit, beaten

Words meanings and morphology

नृत्यतः (nṛtyataḥ) - while Bhishma was maneuvering swiftly (dancing, prancing, moving swiftly)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nṛtyat

nṛtyat - dancing, performing, moving

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √nṛt (नृत्) with -śatṛ suffix.

Root: nṛt (class 4)

Note: Genitive singular modifying `bhīṣmasya`.

रथमार्गेषु (rathamārgeṣu) - in the chariot paths, on the roads for chariots

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of rathamārga

rathamārga - chariot path, road for chariots

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+mārga)

• ratha – chariot, vehicle
  noun (masculine)
• mārga – path, road, way
  noun (masculine)
  From root √mṛj (to clean, to go)
  Root: mṛj (class 2)

भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhishma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of Bharatas, bull of Bharatas

Compound type : tatpurusha (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata (an ancient king), a member of the Bharata lineage
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, pre-eminent
  noun (masculine)

केचित् (kecit) - some, certain ones

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ka

ka - who, what, some, a certain one

Used as an indefinite pronoun.

आर्तस्वरम् (ārtasvaram) - a cry of distress, piteous sound

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ārtasvara

ārtasvara - cry of pain, piteous sound

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ārta+svara)

• ārta – distressed, afflicted, hurt
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √ṛ (to go, to move) or √ard (to pain) with -kta suffix.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 1)
• svara – sound, voice, tone
  noun (masculine)
  From root √svṛ (to sound)
  Root: svṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of `cakruḥ`.

चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they emitted, they let out (they made, they did)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of kṛ

perfect tense, 3rd person plural

From root √kṛ (VIII class).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The subject is `nāgāḥ`.

नागाः (nāgāḥ) - elephants (elephants, snakes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - snake, elephant, mountain, a particular people

Note: Subject of `cakruḥ`.

मर्मणि (marmaṇi) - in the vital spot, in the vulnerable point

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of marman

marman - vital spot, vulnerable point, secret, joint

From root √mṛ (to die), indicating a point where life is vulnerable.

Root: mṛ (class 1)

Note: Refers to the location where the elephants were struck.

ताडिताः (tāḍitāḥ) - struck, hit, beaten

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāḍita

tāḍita - struck, hit, beaten

Past Passive Participle

From root √tāḍ (ताड्) with -kta suffix.

Root: tāḍ (class 10)

Note: Qualifies `nāgāḥ`.