महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-45, verse-29

ततो दश महेष्वासाः पाण्डवानां महारथाः ।
रक्षार्थमभ्यधावन्त सौभद्रं त्वरिता रथैः ॥२९॥

29. tato daśa maheṣvāsāḥ pāṇḍavānāṁ mahārathāḥ ,
rakṣārthamabhyadhāvanta saubhadraṁ tvaritā rathaiḥ.

29. tataḥ daśa maheṣvāsāḥ pāṇḍavānām mahārathāḥ
rakṣārtham abhyadhāvanta saubhadram tvaritāḥ rathaiḥ

29. tataḥ pāṇḍavānām daśa maheṣvāsāḥ mahārathāḥ tvaritāḥ
rathaiḥ rakṣārtham saubhadram abhyadhāvanta

29. Then, ten great archers (maheṣvāsāḥ) and great charioteers (mahārathāḥ) of the Pandavas swiftly rushed towards Abhimanyu with their chariots for his protection.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

• दश (daśa) - ten

• महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pandavas

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers, mighty warriors

• रक्षार्थम् (rakṣārtham) - for the purpose of protection, for protection

• अभ्यधावन्त (abhyadhāvanta) - rushed towards, ran to

• सौभद्रम् (saubhadram) - Abhimanyu (son of Subhadra)

• त्वरिताः (tvaritāḥ) - swift, quick, hastened

• रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots, with chariots

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

(indeclinable)

Adverbial derivative from 'tad' (that)

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, one with a great bow

Compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – bow; archer
  noun (masculine)
  From iṣu (arrow) + āsa (throwing, from root as 'to throw')
  Root: as (class 4)

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu (Pandavas)

Taddhita derivative from Pāṇḍu (पाण्डु + aṇ)

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers, mighty warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior fighting from a chariot, a mighty charioteer

Compound

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot; a warrior who fights from a chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rādh (class 5)

रक्षार्थम् (rakṣārtham) - for the purpose of protection, for protection

(indeclinable)

Compound, used adverbially.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rakṣā+artha)

• rakṣā – protection, guarding
  noun (feminine)
  From root rakṣ (रक्ष्)
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

अभ्यधावन्त (abhyadhāvanta) - rushed towards, ran to

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dhāv

Imperfect tense

From root dhāv (धाव्) with upasargas abhi (अभि) and adhi (अधि) + augment a (अ) + suffix nta (न्त).

Prefixes: abhi+adhi

Root: dhāv (class 1)

Note: Main verb.

सौभद्रम् (saubhadram) - Abhimanyu (son of Subhadra)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saubhadra

saubhadra - son of Subhadra (Abhimanyu)

Taddhita derivative from Subhadrā (सुभद्रा + aṇ)

त्वरिताः (tvaritāḥ) - swift, quick, hastened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tvarita

tvarita - quick, hastened, swift

Past Passive Participle

From root tvar (त्वर्) + kta (क्त) suffix

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Describes the archers/charioteers.

रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots, with chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: rādh (class 5)

Note: Instrumental case, indicating the means of travel.