महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-45, verse-38

स हताश्वे रथे तिष्ठन्मद्राधिपतिरायसीम् ।
उत्तरान्तकरीं शक्तिं चिक्षेप भुजगोपमाम् ॥३८॥

38. sa hatāśve rathe tiṣṭhanmadrādhipatirāyasīm ,
uttarāntakarīṁ śaktiṁ cikṣepa bhujagopamām.

38. sa hatāśve rathe tiṣṭhan madrādhipatiḥ āyasīm
uttarāntakarīm śaktim cikṣepa bhujagopamām

38. sa madrādhipatiḥ hatāśve rathe tiṣṭhan āyasīm
uttarāntakarīm bhujagopamām śaktim cikṣepa

38. Standing in his chariot, after its horses had been killed, the lord of Madras (Śalya) hurled an iron spear (śakti) that resembled a serpent and was capable of decisively defeating an opponent.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - Śalya (he, that)

• हताश्वे (hatāśve) - (in his chariot) whose horses were killed (whose horses are killed, having killed horses)

• रथे (rathe) - in his chariot (in the chariot, on the chariot)

• तिष्ठन् (tiṣṭhan) - standing (standing, remaining, existing)

• मद्राधिपतिः (madrādhipatiḥ) - Śalya, the lord of Madras (lord of Madras)

• आयसीम् (āyasīm) - iron-made (iron-made, metallic)

• उत्तरान्तकरीम् (uttarāntakarīm) - decisively defeating (the opponent) (bringing the end of the opponent, decisively defeating)

• शक्तिम् (śaktim) - spear (śakti) (spear, power, energy, capability)

• चिक्षेप (cikṣepa) - hurled (threw, cast, hurled)

• भुजगोपमाम् (bhujagopamām) - resembling a serpent (resembling a serpent, serpent-like)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - Śalya (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हताश्वे (hatāśve) - (in his chariot) whose horses were killed (whose horses are killed, having killed horses)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hatāśva

hatāśva - having killed horses, whose horses are killed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+aśva)

• hata – killed, struck, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  root han + kta suffix
  Root: han (class 2)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'rathe'.

रथे (rathe) - in his chariot (in the chariot, on the chariot)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: rath (class 1)

तिष्ठन् (tiṣṭhan) - standing (standing, remaining, existing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tiṣṭhat

tiṣṭhat - standing, remaining, existing

Present Active Participle

root sthā + śatṛ suffix

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sa'.

मद्राधिपतिः (madrādhipatiḥ) - Śalya, the lord of Madras (lord of Madras)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madrādhipati

madrādhipati - lord of Madras, ruler of the Madras country

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madra+adhipati)

• madra – (name of a country or its people) Madras
  proper noun (masculine)
• adhipati – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)

आयसीम् (āyasīm) - iron-made (iron-made, metallic)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āyasī

āyasī - made of iron, metallic

derived from 'ayas' (iron) with feminine suffix

Note: Qualifies 'śaktim'.

उत्तरान्तकरीम् (uttarāntakarīm) - decisively defeating (the opponent) (bringing the end of the opponent, decisively defeating)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of uttarāntakarī

uttarāntakarī - bringing the end of the opponent, one who causes the end of the foe

Compound: uttara (opponent) + anta (end) + karī (doer/maker)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (uttara+anta+karī)

• uttara – opponent, superior, subsequent
  noun (masculine)
• anta – end, limit, destruction
  noun (masculine)
• karī – female doer/maker
  noun (feminine)
  Agent noun
  Feminine form of 'kara', derived from root kṛ (to do/make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'śaktim'.

शक्तिम् (śaktim) - spear (śakti) (spear, power, energy, capability)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śakti

śakti - power, energy, capability, spear, weapon

from root śak (to be able)

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Direct object of 'cikṣepa'.

चिक्षेप (cikṣepa) - hurled (threw, cast, hurled)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of kṣip

Perfect

Reduplicated past tense form of the root

Root: kṣip (class 6)

भुजगोपमाम् (bhujagopamām) - resembling a serpent (resembling a serpent, serpent-like)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhujagopamā

bhujagopamā - serpent-like, resembling a serpent

Compound: bhujaga (serpent) + upamā (resemblance)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhujaga+upamā)

• bhujaga – serpent, snake
  noun (masculine)
  from bhuja (arm/shoulder) + ga (going), lit. 'moving on its breast/arms'
  Root: gam (class 1)
• upamā – comparison, resemblance, simile
  noun (feminine)
  from upa + mā (to compare)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'śaktim'.