महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-45, verse-52

स हताश्वाद्रथात्तूर्णं खड्गमादाय विद्रुतः ।
बीभत्सोः स्यन्दनं प्राप्य ततः शान्तिमविन्दत ॥५२॥

52. sa hatāśvādrathāttūrṇaṁ khaḍgamādāya vidrutaḥ ,
bībhatsoḥ syandanaṁ prāpya tataḥ śāntimavindata.

52. saḥ hata-aśvāt rathāt tūrṇam khaḍgam ādāya vidrutaḥ
bībhatsoḥ syandanam prāpya tataḥ śāntim avindata

52. saḥ hata-aśvāt rathāt tūrṇam khaḍgam ādāya vidrutaḥ
bībhatsoḥ syandanam prāpya tataḥ śāntim avindata

52. He (Shankha), having swiftly taken a sword from his chariot whose horses were killed, fled. Reaching Bibhatsu's (Arjuna's) chariot, he then found safety.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (Shankha) (he)

• हत-अश्वात् (hata-aśvāt) - from the chariot whose horses were killed, from the horse-killed chariot

• रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

• खड्गम् (khaḍgam) - sword

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having seized

• विद्रुतः (vidrutaḥ) - fled, escaped, retreated

• बीभत्सोः (bībhatsoḥ) - of Bibhatsu (Arjuna's epithet)

• स्यन्दनम् (syandanam) - chariot, car

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached, having obtained

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom

• शान्तिम् (śāntim) - peace, safety, tranquility

• अविन्दत (avindata) - he found, he obtained

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (Shankha) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हत-अश्वात् (hata-aśvāt) - from the chariot whose horses were killed, from the horse-killed chariot

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of hata-aśva

hata-aśva - whose horses are killed, having killed horses

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hata+aśva)

• hata – killed, struck, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with suffix kta.
  Root: han (class 2)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: It is an adjective that agrees with "rathāt".

रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Note: The source from which Shankha fled.

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Can also be an adjective. Here used as an adverb.

Note: Adverb modifying "ādāya" and "vidrutaḥ".

खड्गम् (khaḍgam) - sword

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of khaḍga

khaḍga - sword, scimitar

Note: Object of "ādāya".

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having seized

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root dā (to give, take) with upasarga ā, and suffix lyap.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Gerund, indicating an action completed before "vidrutaḥ".

विद्रुतः (vidrutaḥ) - fled, escaped, retreated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidruta

vidruta - fled, escaped, run away, scattered

past passive participle

Derived from root dru (to run) with upasarga vi, and suffix kta.

Prefix: vi

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Acts as the main predicate (he fled).

बीभत्सोः (bībhatsoḥ) - of Bibhatsu (Arjuna's epithet)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bībhatsu

bībhatsu - Bibhatsu (epithet of Arjuna, meaning 'loathing'), abhorrent, disgusting

Desiderative form of the root badh (to bind) or as a separate root meaning 'to abhor'.

Note: Possessive case for Bibhatsu.

स्यन्दनम् (syandanam) - chariot, car

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of syandana

syandana - chariot, car, flowing, moving

Derived from root syand (to flow, move).

Root: syand (class 1)

Note: Object of "prāpya".

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached, having obtained

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root āp (to obtain) with upasarga pra, and suffix lyap.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Gerund, indicating an action completed before "avindata".

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of sequence.

शान्तिम् (śāntim) - peace, safety, tranquility

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śānti

śānti - peace, tranquility, calm, safety, cessation

Note: Object of "avindata".

अविन्दत (avindata) - he found, he obtained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of vid

Root: vid (class 6)

Note: The subject is Shankha.