महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-45, verse-36

तस्य वारणराजस्य जवेनापततो रथी ।
शल्यो निवारयामास वेगमप्रतिमं रणे ॥३६॥

36. tasya vāraṇarājasya javenāpatato rathī ,
śalyo nivārayāmāsa vegamapratimaṁ raṇe.

36. tasya vāraṇarājasya javena āpatataḥ rathī
śalyaḥ nivārayāmāsa vegam apratimam raṇe

36. raṇe rathī śalyaḥ tasya javena āpatataḥ
vāraṇarājasya apratimam vegam nivārayāmāsa

36. The charioteer Shalya, in battle, repelled the irresistible charge of that king of elephants which was rushing forth with great speed.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (elephant, referring to Uttara's elephant from the previous verse) (his, of that)

• वारणराजस्य (vāraṇarājasya) - of the king of elephants

• जवेन (javena) - by speed, with velocity

• आपततः (āpatataḥ) - of the attacking (elephant) (of the rushing, of the falling upon, of the attacking)

• रथी (rathī) - charioteer, warrior on a chariot

• शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Shalya, the king of Madra and a fierce warrior. (Shalya (a name), dart, spear)

• निवारयामास (nivārayāmāsa) - he repelled, he checked, he prevented

• वेगम् (vegam) - the charge, the attacking force (speed, impetus, rush, force)

• अप्रतिमम् (apratimam) - irresistible (referring to the elephant's charge) (unequalled, incomparable, irresistible)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - of that (elephant, referring to Uttara's elephant from the previous verse) (his, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the elephant mentioned in the previous verse.

वारणराजस्य (vāraṇarājasya) - of the king of elephants

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vāraṇarāja

vāraṇarāja - king of elephants, a huge elephant

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (vāraṇa+rāja)

• vāraṇa – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modified by 'tasya' and 'āpatataḥ'.

जवेन (javena) - by speed, with velocity

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of java

java - speed, velocity, quickness

Root: jū (class 1)

Note: Indicates the manner of rushing.

आपततः (āpatataḥ) - of the attacking (elephant) (of the rushing, of the falling upon, of the attacking)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of āpatat

āpatat - rushing, falling upon, attacking, descending

Present Active Participle

From root 'pat' (to fall, fly) with prefix 'ā-', in present participle form.

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'vāraṇarājasya'.

रथी (rathī) - charioteer, warrior on a chariot

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rathin

rathin - one who possesses a chariot, a charioteer, a warrior fighting from a chariot

From 'ratha' (chariot) + suffix -in.

Note: Refers to Shalya.

शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Shalya, the king of Madra and a fierce warrior. (Shalya (a name), dart, spear)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - Shalya (name of a king), dart, arrow, spear

Note: Subject of the sentence.

निवारयामास (nivārayāmāsa) - he repelled, he checked, he prevented

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of nivāraya

Periphrastic Perfect (causal)

Derived from root 'vṛ' (to cover, enclose) with prefix 'ni-' and causal suffix '-āpaya-', forming 'nivārayati', then conjugated in the periphrastic perfect with 'āmāsa'. 3rd person singular active.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛ (class 5)

वेगम् (vegam) - the charge, the attacking force (speed, impetus, rush, force)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, impetus, rush, force

Root: vij (class 3)

Note: Object of 'nivārayāmāsa'.

अप्रतिमम् (apratimam) - irresistible (referring to the elephant's charge) (unequalled, incomparable, irresistible)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of apratima

apratima - unequalled, incomparable, peerless, irresistible

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'pratima' (likeness, image).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pratima)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• pratima – likeness, image, copy, counterpart
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective modifying 'vegam'.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, conflict