महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-45, verse-40

समादाय च शल्योऽसिमवप्लुत्य रथोत्तमात् ।
वारणेन्द्रस्य विक्रम्य चिच्छेदाथ महाकरम् ॥४०॥

40. samādāya ca śalyo'simavaplutya rathottamāt ,
vāraṇendrasya vikramya cicchedātha mahākaram.

40. samādāya ca śalyaḥ asim avaplutya rathottamāt
vāraṇendrasya vikramya ciccheda atha mahākaram

40. ca atha śalyaḥ asim samādāya rathottamāt avaplutya
vāraṇendrasya vikramya mahākaram ciccheda

40. And then, Śalya, seizing a sword and leaping down from his excellent chariot, attacked the best of elephants and cut off its great trunk.

Words meanings summery:

• समादाय (samādāya) - having seized (having taken, having seized)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Śalya (Śalya (proper noun))

• असिम् (asim) - sword

• अवप्लुत्य (avaplutya) - having leapt down (having jumped down, having leapt off)

• रथोत्तमात् (rathottamāt) - from his excellent chariot (from the best of chariots)

• वारणेन्द्रस्य (vāraṇendrasya) - of the best of elephants (Bhīma's elephant) (of the best of elephants, of the chief elephant)

• विक्रम्य (vikramya) - having attacked (having attacked, having displayed valor)

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut off (cut off, split, pierced)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, next, now)

• महाकरम् (mahākaram) - great trunk (of the elephant) (great hand, great trunk (of an elephant))

Words meanings and morphology

समादाय (samādāya) - having seized (having taken, having seized)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

sam + ā + root dā + lyap suffix

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Action preceding 'ciccheda'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Śalya (Śalya (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - Śalya (name of a king), dart, spear

Note: Subject of the actions.

असिम् (asim) - sword

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asi

asi - sword, scimitar

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Direct object of 'samādāya'.

अवप्लुत्य (avaplutya) - having leapt down (having jumped down, having leapt off)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

ava + root plu + lyap suffix

Prefix: ava

Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Action preceding 'ciccheda'.

रथोत्तमात् (rathottamāt) - from his excellent chariot (from the best of chariots)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of rathottama

rathottama - best of chariots, excellent chariot

Compound: ratha (chariot) + uttama (best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+uttama)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rath (class 1)
• uttama – best, highest, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative form of 'ud'

Note: Indicates separation from the chariot.

वारणेन्द्रस्य (vāraṇendrasya) - of the best of elephants (Bhīma's elephant) (of the best of elephants, of the chief elephant)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vāraṇendra

vāraṇendra - chief of elephants, best of elephants

Compound: vāraṇa (elephant) + indra (chief)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāraṇa+indra)

• vāraṇa – elephant
  noun (masculine)
  from root vṛ (to cover, repel)
  Root: vṛ (class 5)
• indra – chief, lord, best (as a suffix)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive, related to 'mahākaram'.

विक्रम्य (vikramya) - having attacked (having attacked, having displayed valor)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

vi + root kram + lyap suffix

Prefix: vi

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Action preceding 'ciccheda'.

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut off (cut off, split, pierced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of chid

Perfect

Reduplicated past tense form of the root

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

अथ (atha) - then (then, next, now)

(indeclinable)

Note: Denotes sequence.

महाकरम् (mahākaram) - great trunk (of the elephant) (great hand, great trunk (of an elephant))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahākara

mahākara - great trunk, great hand

Compound: mahā (great) + kara (hand/trunk)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+kara)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
  'mahā' is a stem form used in compounds
• kara – hand, ray, elephant's trunk
  noun (masculine)
  from root kṛ (to do/make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Direct object of 'ciccheda'.