महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-50, verse-58

मन्ये पर्यायधर्मोऽयं कालस्यात्यन्तगामिनः ।
चक्रे प्रधिरिवासक्तो नास्य शक्यं पलायितुम् ॥५८॥

58. manye paryāyadharmo'yaṁ kālasyātyantagāminaḥ ,
cakre pradhirivāsakto nāsya śakyaṁ palāyitum.

58. manye paryāyadharmaḥ ayam kālasya atyantagāminaḥ
cakre pradhiḥ iva āsaktaḥ na asya śakyam palāyitum

58. I believe this is the ever-revolving law (dharma) of swiftly passing time. Like a felloe (rim) stuck in a wheel, it is impossible for one to escape this.

Words meanings summery:

• मन्ये (manye) - I believe (I think, I believe, I consider)

• पर्यायधर्मः (paryāyadharmaḥ) - ever-revolving law (dharma) (cyclical law, alternate condition of natural law (dharma))

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• कालस्य (kālasya) - of time

• अत्यन्तगामिनः (atyantagāminaḥ) - of swiftly passing (of the swiftly moving, of the ever-passing)

• चक्रे (cakre) - in a wheel (in a wheel, on a disc)

• प्रधिः (pradhiḥ) - a felloe (rim) (felloe, rim of a wheel)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as if)

• आसक्तः (āsaktaḥ) - stuck (attached, stuck, engrossed)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अस्य (asya) - for one (of this one) (of this, his, her, its)

• शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible (possible, capable)

• पलायितुम् (palāyitum) - to escape (to escape, to flee)

Words meanings and morphology

मन्ये (manye) - I believe (I think, I believe, I consider)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of √man

Root: man (class 4)

पर्यायधर्मः (paryāyadharmaḥ) - ever-revolving law (dharma) (cyclical law, alternate condition of natural law (dharma))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paryāyadharma

paryāyadharma - alternating duty, cyclical nature (dharma), order of succession

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (paryāya+dharma)

• paryāya – turn, alternation, succession, cycle
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pari
• dharma – law, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  From √dhṛ (to hold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with 'paryāyadharmaḥ'

कालस्य (kālasya) - of time

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, proper time, season

Note: Qualifies 'paryāyadharmaḥ'

अत्यन्तगामिनः (atyantagāminaḥ) - of swiftly passing (of the swiftly moving, of the ever-passing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of atyantagāmin

atyantagāmin - going very far, swiftly passing, ever-moving

Derived from 'atyanta' (very much) and 'gāmin' (going)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (atyanta+gāmin)

• atyanta – excessive, very much, extreme
  indeclinable
  Prefix: ati
• gāmin – going, moving, leading to
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun/Adjective from root
  From √gam with suffix -in
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kālasya'

चक्रे (cakre) - in a wheel (in a wheel, on a disc)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of cakra

cakra - wheel, disc, circle

Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्रधिः (pradhiḥ) - a felloe (rim) (felloe, rim of a wheel)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pradhi

pradhi - felloe, rim of a wheel

Prefix: pra

Root: dhā (class 3)

इव (iva) - like (like, as if)

(indeclinable)

आसक्तः (āsaktaḥ) - stuck (attached, stuck, engrossed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āsakta

āsakta - attached, clinging to, fixed on, stuck

Past Passive Participle

From √sañj with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: sañj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'pradhiḥ'

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'śakyam'

अस्य (asya) - for one (of this one) (of this, his, her, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Can be dative of agent with gerundive 'śakyam'

शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible (possible, capable)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, practicable, capable, able

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From root √śak (to be able)

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Predicate adjective implying 'is'

पलायितुम् (palāyitum) - to escape (to escape, to flee)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root √palāy (to flee)

Prefix: palā

Root: i (class 1)