महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-50, verse-48

ते पुराणं महेष्वासा मार्गमैन्द्रं समास्थिताः ।
त्यक्ष्यन्ति तुमुले प्राणान्रक्षन्तः पार्थिवं यशः ॥४८॥

48. te purāṇaṁ maheṣvāsā mārgamaindraṁ samāsthitāḥ ,
tyakṣyanti tumule prāṇānrakṣantaḥ pārthivaṁ yaśaḥ.

48. te purāṇam mahāiṣvāsāḥ mārgam aindram samāsthitāḥ
tyakṣyanti tumule prāṇān rakṣantaḥ pārthivam yaśaḥ

48. Those great archers, having resorted to the ancient path of Indra, will give up their lives in the tumultuous battle, thereby protecting their earthly glory.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those (Kaurava warriors) (those, they)

• पुराणम् (purāṇam) - ancient, old, traditional

• महाइष्वासाः (mahāiṣvāsāḥ) - great archers, mighty bowmen

• मार्गम् (mārgam) - path, way, road

• ऐन्द्रम् (aindram) - path of Indra (a heroic, warrior's path) (belonging to Indra, Indra's)

• समास्थिताः (samāsthitāḥ) - having resorted to (the path) (having taken up, resorted to, standing firm in)

• त्यक्ष्यन्ति (tyakṣyanti) - they will abandon, they will give up

• तुमुले (tumule) - in the tumultuous battle (in a tumultuous battle, in a great uproar)

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives, breaths

• रक्षन्तः (rakṣantaḥ) - protecting, guarding

• पार्थिवम् (pārthivam) - earthly, royal, kingly

• यशः (yaśaḥ) - glory, fame, reputation

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those (Kaurava warriors) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Note: nominative plural masculine of tad

पुराणम् (purāṇam) - ancient, old, traditional

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of purāṇa

purāṇa - ancient, old, former

Note: Agrees with 'mārgam'

महाइष्वासाः (mahāiṣvāsāḥ) - great archers, mighty bowmen

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāiṣvāsa

mahāiṣvāsa - a great archer, mighty bowman

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• iṣvāsa – bowman, archer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'te'

मार्गम् (mārgam) - path, way, road

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, road, way, course

Root: mṛj (class 2)

ऐन्द्रम् (aindram) - path of Indra (a heroic, warrior's path) (belonging to Indra, Indra's)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aindra

aindra - relating to Indra, belonging to Indra

Derived from Indra with aṇ suffix

Note: Agrees with 'mārgam'. Refers to a heroic, heaven-gaining path in battle.

समास्थिताः (samāsthitāḥ) - having resorted to (the path) (having taken up, resorted to, standing firm in)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samāsthita

samāsthita - stood firm, resorted to, adopted

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √sthā with prefix sam-ā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'te' and 'mahāiṣvāsāḥ'.

त्यक्ष्यन्ति (tyakṣyanti) - they will abandon, they will give up

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of tyaj

Future Tense, Active Voice

3rd person plural, Parasmaipada, Future tense

Root: tyaj (class 1)

तुमुले (tumule) - in the tumultuous battle (in a tumultuous battle, in a great uproar)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, boisterous, noisy; a tumultuous battle, uproar

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives, breaths

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, life, vital air

Root: an (class 2)

रक्षन्तः (rakṣantaḥ) - protecting, guarding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rakṣ

rakṣ - to protect, to guard, to preserve

Present Active Participle

Derived from √rakṣ (to protect), Present Active Participle, Nominative Plural Masculine

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Present Active Participle, refers to 'te' (the archers)

पार्थिवम् (pārthivam) - earthly, royal, kingly

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, royal, kingly; a king

Derived from pṛthivī (earth) or pṛthu (a king)

Note: Agrees with 'yaśaḥ'

यशः (yaśaḥ) - glory, fame, reputation

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yaśas

yaśas - glory, fame, renown, reputation