महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-50, verse-40

स गत्वा पाण्डुपुत्रेण तरसा बाहुशालिना ।
अनायुधेन वीरेण निहतः किं ततोऽधिकम् ॥४०॥

40. sa gatvā pāṇḍuputreṇa tarasā bāhuśālinā ,
anāyudhena vīreṇa nihataḥ kiṁ tato'dhikam.

40. sa gatvā pāṇḍuputreṇa tarasā bāhuśālinā
anāyudhena vīreṇa nihataḥ kiṃ tataḥ adhikam

40. Then, he (Jarāsaṃdha) was killed by the son of Pāṇḍu (Bhīma), a hero mighty in arm and unarmed. What could be greater than that?

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - Refers to Jarāsaṃdha. (he, that one)

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, after going

• पाण्डुपुत्रेण (pāṇḍuputreṇa) - Refers to Bhīma. (by the son of Pāṇḍu)

• तरसा (tarasā) - by force, by might, swiftly

• बाहुशालिना (bāhuśālinā) - by the strong-armed one, by the powerful-armed

• अनायुधेन (anāyudhena) - by the unarmed one, without a weapon

• वीरेण (vīreṇa) - by the hero, by the brave one

• निहतः (nihataḥ) - killed, struck down, destroyed

• किं (kiṁ) - what (what, why, whether)

• ततः (tataḥ) - than that (from that, then, thereafter, therefore)

• अधिकम् (adhikam) - more, greater, exceeding

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - Refers to Jarāsaṃdha. (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, after going

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from verb root gam.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: This implies the sequence of events, i.e., after the encounter, he was killed.

पाण्डुपुत्रेण (pāṇḍuputreṇa) - Refers to Bhīma. (by the son of Pāṇḍu)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāṇḍuputra

pāṇḍuputra - son of Pāṇḍu

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāṇḍu+putra)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (name of a king, father of the Pāṇḍavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Bhīma, one of the Pāṇḍavas.

तरसा (tarasā) - by force, by might, swiftly

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of taras

taras - speed, velocity, force, power, strength

Note: Used adverbially to mean "with strength/force".

बाहुशालिना (bāhuśālinā) - by the strong-armed one, by the powerful-armed

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bāhuśālin

bāhuśālin - strong-armed, mighty-armed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bāhu+śālin)

• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)
• śālin – possessing, endowed with
  suffix (adjectival)

Note: Agrees with pāṇḍuputreṇa and vīreṇa.

अनायुधेन (anāyudhena) - by the unarmed one, without a weapon

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of anāyudha

anāyudha - unarmed, weaponless

Compound type : bahuvrihi (an+āyudha)

• an – not, un-
  prefix
• āyudha – weapon, implement
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with pāṇḍuputreṇa and vīreṇa.

वीरेण (vīreṇa) - by the hero, by the brave one

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, mighty man

Note: Agrees with pāṇḍuputreṇa.

निहतः (nihataḥ) - killed, struck down, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - struck down, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root han with upasarga ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'sa' (Jarāsaṃdha).

किं (kiṁ) - what (what, why, whether)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which, why

Note: Used to introduce a rhetorical question.

ततः (tataḥ) - than that (from that, then, thereafter, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used in comparison with adhikam.

अधिकम् (adhikam) - more, greater, exceeding

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of adhika

adhika - additional, more, abundant, superior, greater

Note: Agrees with 'kiṃ' (what is more/greater).