महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-50, verse-3

जागर्मि रात्रयः सर्वा दीर्घमुष्णं च निःश्वसन् ।
भीतो वृकोदरात्तात सिंहात्पशुरिवाबलः ॥३॥

3. jāgarmi rātrayaḥ sarvā dīrghamuṣṇaṁ ca niḥśvasan ,
bhīto vṛkodarāttāta siṁhātpaśurivābalaḥ.

3. jāgarmi rātrayaḥ sarvāḥ dīrgham uṣṇam ca niḥśvasan
bhītaḥ vṛkodarāt tāta siṃhāt paśuḥ iva abalaḥ

3. Dear son, I remain awake all nights, sighing long and hot, frightened of Vrikodara (Bhima), just like a weak animal (is frightened) of a lion.

Words meanings summery:

• जागर्मि (jāgarmi) - I am awake, I wake up

• रात्रयः (rātrayaḥ) - nights

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, whole

• दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - long

• उष्णम् (uṣṇam) - hot, warm

• च (ca) - and

• निःश्वसन् (niḥśvasan) - sighing, breathing out

• भीतः (bhītaḥ) - frightened, scared

• वृकोदरात् (vṛkodarāt) - from Vrikodara (Bhima)

• तात (tāta) - dear son (Dhritarashtra addressing Sanjaya) (dear son, dear one)

• सिंहात् (siṁhāt) - from a lion

• पशुः (paśuḥ) - an animal, a beast

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अबलः (abalaḥ) - weak, powerless

Words meanings and morphology

जागर्मि (jāgarmi) - I am awake, I wake up

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jāgṛ

root verb

2nd class verb (adādi), parasmaipada, present tense

Root: jāgṛ (class 2)

रात्रयः (rātrayaḥ) - nights

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of rātri

rātri - night

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, whole

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - long

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dīrgha

dīrgha - long, tall, deep, extensive

उष्णम् (uṣṇam) - hot, warm

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uṣṇa

uṣṇa - hot, warm, passionate

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

निःश्वसन् (niḥśvasan) - sighing, breathing out

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niḥśvasant

niḥśvasant - sighing, breathing out

Present Active Participle

Formed from root 'śvas' (to breathe) with prefix 'niḥ'

Prefix: niḥ

Root: śvas (class 2)

भीतः (bhītaḥ) - frightened, scared

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīta

bhīta - frightened, scared, fearful

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'bhī' (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

वृकोदरात् (vṛkodarāt) - from Vrikodara (Bhima)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of vṛkodara

vṛkodara - Vrikodara (an epithet of Bhima, meaning 'wolf-bellied' or 'having a voracious appetite')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vṛka+udara)

• vṛka – wolf
  noun (masculine)
• udara – belly, stomach
  noun (neuter)

तात (tāta) - dear son (Dhritarashtra addressing Sanjaya) (dear son, dear one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, dear child (term of endearment)

सिंहात् (siṁhāt) - from a lion

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of siṃha

siṁha - lion

पशुः (paśuḥ) - an animal, a beast

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paśu

paśu - animal, beast, cattle

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

अबलः (abalaḥ) - weak, powerless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abala

abala - weak, powerless, helpless

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bala)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)