महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-50, verse-31

विगाह्य रथमार्गेषु वरानुद्दिश्य निघ्नतः ।
अग्नेः प्रज्वलितस्येव अपि मुच्येत मे प्रजा ॥३१॥

31. vigāhya rathamārgeṣu varānuddiśya nighnataḥ ,
agneḥ prajvalitasyeva api mucyeta me prajā.

31. vigāhya rathamārgeṣu varān uddiśya nighnataḥ
agneḥ prajvalitasya iva api mucyeta me prajā

31. As he plunges into the chariot formations, striking down the best warriors, can my people (prajā) escape him, just as one cannot escape from a blazing fire?

Words meanings summery:

• विगाह्य (vigāhya) - having plunged into, having entered

• रथमार्गेषु (rathamārgeṣu) - in the chariot paths, in the battle formations (where chariots move)

• वरान् (varān) - the best warriors (the best ones, the chosen ones, boons)

• उद्दिश्य (uddiśya) - having aimed at, targeting

• निघ्नतः (nighnataḥ) - of him striking down, of him killing

• अग्नेः (agneḥ) - of fire

• प्रज्वलितस्य (prajvalitasya) - of the blazing, of the burning

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अपि (api) - also, even, (interrogative particle)

• मुच्येत (mucyeta) - might be freed, might escape

• मे (me) - my, of me

• प्रजा (prajā) - subjects, people, offspring

Words meanings and morphology

विगाह्य (vigāhya) - having plunged into, having entered

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Prefix: vi

Root: gāh (class 1)

रथमार्गेषु (rathamārgeṣu) - in the chariot paths, in the battle formations (where chariots move)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of rathamārga

rathamārga - path of chariots, chariot road, battle formation

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+mārga)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• mārga – path, road, way
  noun (masculine)

वरान् (varān) - the best warriors (the best ones, the chosen ones, boons)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vara

vara - best, excellent, chosen, boon

उद्दिश्य (uddiśya) - having aimed at, targeting

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Prefix: ud

Root: diś (class 6)

निघ्नतः (nighnataḥ) - of him striking down, of him killing

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nighnat

nighnat - striking down, killing, destroying

Present Active Participle

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject 'him'.

अग्नेः (agneḥ) - of fire

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, god of fire

प्रज्वलितस्य (prajvalitasya) - of the blazing, of the burning

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of prajvalita

prajvalita - blazing, burning, ignited

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root jval with prefix pra, ending in -ita.

Prefix: pra

Root: jval (class 1)

Note: Agrees with agneḥ.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, (interrogative particle)

(indeclinable)

मुच्येत (mucyeta) - might be freed, might escape

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, optative (liṅ) of muc

Root: muc (class 6)

मे (me) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

Note: Enclitic form of the pronoun 'I'.

प्रजा (prajā) - subjects, people, offspring

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prajā

prajā - subjects, people, offspring, progeny