महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-53, verse-8

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
अर्जुनेनैवमुक्तस्तु वैराटिर्हेमभूषितान् ।
चोदयामास तानश्वान्भारद्वाजरथं प्रति ॥८॥

8. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
arjunenaivamuktastu vairāṭirhemabhūṣitān ,
codayāmāsa tānaśvānbhāradvājarathaṁ prati.

8. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca arjunena evam uktaḥ tu vairāṭiḥ
hemabhūṣitān codayāmāsa tān aśvān bhāradvājaratham prati

8. Vaiśampāyana said: Thus addressed by Arjuna, Uttara, the son of Virāṭa, urged those gold-adorned horses towards the chariot of Bhāradvāja.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (by Arjuna) (spoken, said, addressed)

• तु (tu) - but, and, indeed, on the other hand

• वैराटिः (vairāṭiḥ) - Uttara, the son of Virāṭa (son of Virāṭa)

• हेमभूषितान् (hemabhūṣitān) - gold-adorned, decorated with gold

• चोदयामास (codayāmāsa) - urged, impelled, drove

• तान् (tān) - those (horses) (those)

• अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

• भारद्वाजरथम् (bhāradvājaratham) - the chariot of Droṇa (who was also known as Bhāradvāja) (the chariot of Bhāradvāja)

• प्रति (prati) - towards, to, against

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a sage, a disciple of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Tense

Perfect tense (lit) 3rd person singular active of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (a Pandava prince, son of Pāṇḍu and Kuntī)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (by Arjuna) (spoken, said, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told, mentioned

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, and, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

वैराटिः (vairāṭiḥ) - Uttara, the son of Virāṭa (son of Virāṭa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vairāṭi

vairāṭi - son of Virāṭa, belonging to Virāṭa

Derived from Virāṭa (name of a king)

हेमभूषितान् (hemabhūṣitān) - gold-adorned, decorated with gold

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hemabhūṣita

hemabhūṣita - adorned with gold, golden-decorated

Compound of hema (gold) and bhūṣita (adorned, PPP of bhūṣ)

Compound type : tatpurusha (hema+bhūṣita)

• hema – gold
  noun (neuter)
• bhūṣita – adorned, decorated, ornamented
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root bhūṣ (to adorn)
  Root: bhūṣ (class 10)

चोदयामास (codayāmāsa) - urged, impelled, drove

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of cud

Periphrastic Perfect

Periphrastic Perfect (lit) 3rd person singular active of root cud (class 10), formed with āmāsa (perfect of as)

Root: cud (class 10)

तान् (tān) - those (horses) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

भारद्वाजरथम् (bhāradvājaratham) - the chariot of Droṇa (who was also known as Bhāradvāja) (the chariot of Bhāradvāja)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāradvājaratha

bhāradvājaratha - chariot of Bhāradvāja

Compound of Bhāradvāja (patronymic of Droṇa) and ratha (chariot)

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhāradvāja+ratha)

• bhāradvāja – descendant of Bharadvāja; name of Droṇa
  proper noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, car, vehicle
  noun (masculine)
  From root ram (to enjoy), or rā (to give)

प्रति (prati) - towards, to, against

(indeclinable)