महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-53, verse-41

तौ गजाविव चासाद्य विषाणाग्रैः परस्परम् ।
शरैः पूर्णायतोत्सृष्टैरन्योन्यमभिजघ्नतुः ॥४१॥

41. tau gajāviva cāsādya viṣāṇāgraiḥ parasparam ,
śaraiḥ pūrṇāyatotsṛṣṭairanyonyamabhijaghnatuḥ.

41. tau gajau iva ca āsādya viṣāṇāgraiḥ parasparam
śaraiḥ pūrṇāyatotsṛṣṭaiḥ anyonyam abhijaghnatuḥ

41. They attacked each other, like two elephants striking with the tips of their tusks, and assailed each other with arrows shot after being drawn to their full extent.

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - they (two)

• गजौ (gajau) - two elephants

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• च (ca) - and

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having attacked, having approached

• विषाणाग्रैः (viṣāṇāgraiḥ) - with the tips of tusks

• परस्परम् (parasparam) - each other, mutually

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• पूर्णायतोत्सृष्टैः (pūrṇāyatotsṛṣṭaiḥ) - released with full draw (of the bow)

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

• अभिजघ्नतुः (abhijaghnatuḥ) - they struck, they assailed

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - they (two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

गजौ (gajau) - two elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of gaja

gaja - elephant

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having attacked, having approached

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root sad (to sit) with prefix ā- (to, towards)

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

विषाणाग्रैः (viṣāṇāgraiḥ) - with the tips of tusks

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of viṣāṇāgra

viṣāṇāgra - tip of a tusk

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viṣāṇa+agra)

• viṣāṇa – tusk, horn
  noun (neuter)
• agra – tip, front, point
  noun (neuter)

परस्परम् (parasparam) - each other, mutually

(indeclinable)

Note: Often functions as an indeclinable or adverbial accusative meaning 'each other'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

पूर्णायतोत्सृष्टैः (pūrṇāyatotsṛṣṭaiḥ) - released with full draw (of the bow)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pūrṇāyatotsṛṣṭa

pūrṇāyatotsṛṣṭa - shot with full draw

Past Passive Participle

From root sṛj (to release) with prefix ut- (up, out) and compound pūrṇāyata

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pūrṇāyata+utsṛṣṭa)

• pūrṇāyata – fully stretched, fully drawn (referring to a bow)
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yam (to control, stretch) with prefix ā- (to) and pūrṇa (full)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yam (class 1)
• utsṛṣṭa – released, shot, abandoned
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root sṛj (to release) with prefix ut- (up, out)
  Prefix: ut
  Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Agrees with śaraiḥ.

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

(indeclinable)

Note: Often functions as an indeclinable or adverbial accusative meaning 'each other'.

अभिजघ्नतुः (abhijaghnatuḥ) - they struck, they assailed

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, past perfect (liṭ) of han

Prefix: abhi

Root: han (class 2)