महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-53, verse-31

एकच्छायमिवाकाशं बाणैश्चक्रे समन्ततः ।
नादृश्यत तदा द्रोणो नीहारेणेव संवृतः ॥३१॥

31. ekacchāyamivākāśaṁ bāṇaiścakre samantataḥ ,
nādṛśyata tadā droṇo nīhāreṇeva saṁvṛtaḥ.

31. ekacchāyam iva ākāśam bāṇaiḥ cakre samantataḥ
na adṛśyata tadā droṇaḥ nīhāreṇa iva saṃvṛtaḥ

31. With arrows, he made the entire sky uniformly covered, as if it had a single shade. Then, Drona was no longer visible, as if enveloped by a dense fog.

Words meanings summery:

• एकच्छायम् (ekacchāyam) - having one shade, uniformly covered

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• आकाशम् (ākāśam) - sky, space, ether

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

• चक्रे (cakre) - he made, he did

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - all around, everywhere, on all sides

• न (na) - not, no

• अदृश्यत (adṛśyata) - he was seen, he appeared

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona (name of the teacher)

• नीहारेण (nīhāreṇa) - by fog, by mist

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• संवृतः (saṁvṛtaḥ) - covered, enveloped, concealed

Words meanings and morphology

एकच्छायम् (ekacchāyam) - having one shade, uniformly covered

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ekacchāya

ekacchāya - having one shade, uniformly shaded, completely covered

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (eka+chāyā)

• eka – one, single
  numeral (masculine)
• chāyā – shade, shadow, covering
  noun (feminine)

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

आकाशम् (ākāśam) - sky, space, ether

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - sky, space, ether

Root: kāś (class 1)

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

चक्रे (cakre) - he made, he did

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of cakre

Perfect

3rd person singular, perfect, middle voice

Root: kṛ (class 8)

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - all around, everywhere, on all sides

(indeclinable)

Derived from samanta (entire, complete) with suffix -tas

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

अदृश्यत (adṛśyata) - he was seen, he appeared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of adṛśyata

Imperfect passive

3rd person singular, imperfect, passive voice

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Temporal adverb derived from 'tad'

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona (name of the teacher)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (the preceptor)

Root: dru (class 1)

नीहारेण (nīhāreṇa) - by fog, by mist

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nīhāra

nīhāra - fog, mist, snow

From ni + √hṛ

Prefix: ni

Root: hṛ (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

संवृतः (saṁvṛtaḥ) - covered, enveloped, concealed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃvṛta

saṁvṛta - covered, enveloped, concealed, hidden

Past Passive Participle

PPP of √vṛ (to cover, choose) with prefix saṃ-

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)