महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-53, verse-45

जिघांसन्तं नरव्याघ्रमर्जुनं तिग्मतेजसम् ।
आचार्यमुख्यः समरे द्रोणः शस्त्रभृतां वरः ।
अर्जुनेन सहाक्रीडच्छरैः संनतपर्वभिः ॥४५॥

45. jighāṁsantaṁ naravyāghramarjunaṁ tigmatejasam ,
ācāryamukhyaḥ samare droṇaḥ śastrabhṛtāṁ varaḥ ,
arjunena sahākrīḍaccharaiḥ saṁnataparvabhiḥ.

45. jighāṃsantaṃ naravyāghram arjunaṃ
tigmatajasam ācāryamukhyaḥ samare
droṇaḥ śastrabhṛtāṃ varaḥ arjunena
saha ākrīḍat śaraiḥ saṃnataparvabhiḥ

45. Drona, the pre-eminent guru (ācārya) and the foremost among weapon-wielders, engaged in battle with Arjuna, that tiger among men, who was fiercely energetic and eager to strike him. Drona, in turn, fought with Arjuna using arrows with well-formed shafts.

Words meanings summery:

• जिघांसन्तं (jighāṁsantaṁ) - desiring to kill (Arjuna) (desiring to kill, wishing to strike)

• नरव्याघ्रम् (naravyāghram) - Arjuna, the foremost among men (tiger among men, best of men)

• अर्जुनं (arjunaṁ) - Arjuna

• तिग्मतजसम् (tigmatajasam) - possessing fierce energy (of fierce energy, sharp-splendored)

• आचार्यमुख्यः (ācāryamukhyaḥ) - pre-eminent teacher (Drona) (chief of preceptors, pre-eminent teacher)

• समरे (samare) - in the battle (in battle, in war)

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona

• शस्त्रभृतां (śastrabhṛtāṁ) - among the weapon-wielders (of weapon-bearers, among those who bear weapons)

• वरः (varaḥ) - the best (best, excellent, superior)

• अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - with Arjuna (by Arjuna, with Arjuna)

• सह (saha) - together with (with, together with)

• आक्रीडत् (ākrīḍat) - engaged in a playful fight (played, sported, engaged in sport)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows (by arrows, with arrows)

• संनतपर्वभिः (saṁnataparvabhiḥ) - with arrows having well-formed joints (shafts) (with well-jointed, well-shaped arrows)

Words meanings and morphology

जिघांसन्तं (jighāṁsantaṁ) - desiring to kill (Arjuna) (desiring to kill, wishing to strike)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jighāṃsat

jighāṁsat - desiring to kill, intending to strike

Present Active Participle (Desiderative)

Desiderative stem from √han (to strike, kill) + śatṛ pratyaya.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Participle modifying Arjuna.

नरव्याघ्रम् (naravyāghram) - Arjuna, the foremost among men (tiger among men, best of men)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of naravyāghra

naravyāghra - tiger among men, best of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+vyāghra)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

अर्जुनं (arjunaṁ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of Pandava hero), white, silver

Note: Object of the implied action of striking/desiring to kill, and also indirectly for Drona's fighting with him.

तिग्मतजसम् (tigmatajasam) - possessing fierce energy (of fierce energy, sharp-splendored)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tigmatejas

tigmatejas - having fierce energy, sharp-splendored

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tigma+tejas)

• tigma – sharp, fierce, hot
  adjective (masculine)
• tejas – splendor, energy, sharp edge, fiery power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective modifying Arjuna.

आचार्यमुख्यः (ācāryamukhyaḥ) - pre-eminent teacher (Drona) (chief of preceptors, pre-eminent teacher)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ācāryamukhya

ācāryamukhya - chief of teachers, principal guru

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ācārya+mukhya)

• ācārya – teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide (guru)
  noun (masculine)
• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Epithet for Drona.

समरे (samare) - in the battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name of guru), a measure of grain

Note: Subject of the verb 'ākrīḍat'.

शस्त्रभृतां (śastrabhṛtāṁ) - among the weapon-wielders (of weapon-bearers, among those who bear weapons)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śastrabhṛt

śastrabhṛt - weapon-bearer, armed person

Derived from śastra (weapon) + √bhṛ (to bear), forming an agent noun/adjective.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śastra+bhṛt)

• śastra – weapon, sword
  noun (neuter)
• bhṛt – bearing, carrying, holding
  adjective (masculine)
  Krit pratyaya (kvip)
  Derived from √bhṛ (to bear) with the kvip suffix.
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Used in the sense 'among whom Drona is the best'.

वरः (varaḥ) - the best (best, excellent, superior)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, desired, boon

Root: vṛ (class 10)

Note: Adjective modifying Drona.

अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - with Arjuna (by Arjuna, with Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of Pandava hero), white, silver

Note: Governed by 'saha'.

सह (saha) - together with (with, together with)

(indeclinable)

आक्रीडत् (ākrīḍat) - engaged in a playful fight (played, sported, engaged in sport)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of krīḍ

Imperfect Active

Root √krīḍ, 1st conjugation, parasmaipada. Prefix 'ā' + augment 'a' + Laṅ ending.

Prefix: ā

Root: krīḍ (class 1)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows (by arrows, with arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Root: śṝ (class 9)

Note: Instrument of the action 'ākrīḍat'.

संनतपर्वभिः (saṁnataparvabhiḥ) - with arrows having well-formed joints (shafts) (with well-jointed, well-shaped arrows)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of saṃnataparvan

saṁnataparvan - having bent or well-formed joints (of arrows)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sam+nata+parvan)

• sam – together, well, perfectly
  upasarga
• nata – bent, bowed, humble
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √nam (to bend, bow) + kta pratyaya.
  Root: nam (class 1)
• parvan – joint, knot (of a reed or arrow), limb, festival
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective modifying 'śaraiḥ'.