महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-53, verse-39

शरास्तयोश्च विबभुः कङ्कबर्हिणवाससः ।
पङ्क्त्यः शरदि खस्थानां हंसानां चरतामिव ॥३९॥

39. śarāstayośca vibabhuḥ kaṅkabarhiṇavāsasaḥ ,
paṅktyaḥ śaradi khasthānāṁ haṁsānāṁ caratāmiva.

39. śarāḥ tayoḥ ca vibabhuḥ kaṅkabarhiṇavāsasaḥ
paṅktayaḥ śaradi khasthānāṃ haṃsānāṃ caratām iva

39. And the arrows of those two, which had vulture and peacock feathers, shone like lines of swans flying in the autumn sky.

Words meanings summery:

• शराः (śarāḥ) - arrows

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - of Drona and Arjuna (of those two)

• च (ca) - and

• वबभुः (vababhuḥ) - shone, appeared splendid, glittered

• कङ्कबर्हिणवाससः (kaṅkabarhiṇavāsasaḥ) - having vulture and peacock feathers

• पङ्क्तयः (paṅktayaḥ) - rows, lines, series

• शरदि (śaradi) - in autumn

• खस्थानां (khasthānāṁ) - of those standing/dwelling in the sky

• हंसानां (haṁsānāṁ) - of swans

• चरताम् (caratām) - of those moving, of those flying

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

Words meanings and morphology

शराः (śarāḥ) - arrows

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Note: Subject of vibabhuḥ.

तयोः (tayoḥ) - of Drona and Arjuna (of those two)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the two heroes mentioned in the previous verse.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वबभुः (vababhuḥ) - shone, appeared splendid, glittered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of vibhā

Perfect, 3rd person plural, active voice

Prefix: vi

Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Subject is śarāḥ.

कङ्कबर्हिणवाससः (kaṅkabarhiṇavāsasaḥ) - having vulture and peacock feathers

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kaṅkabarhiṇavāsas

kaṅkabarhiṇavāsas - having vulture and peacock feathers

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kaṅka+barhiṇa+vāsas)

• kaṅka – vulture
  noun (masculine)
• barhiṇa – peacock
  noun (masculine)
• vāsas – feather, wing
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with śarāḥ.

पङ्क्तयः (paṅktayaḥ) - rows, lines, series

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of paṅkti

paṅkti - row, line, series

Note: Part of the simile, implicitly compared to the arrows.

शरदि (śaradi) - in autumn

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of śarad

śarad - autumn

Note: Time reference for the simile.

खस्थानां (khasthānāṁ) - of those standing/dwelling in the sky

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of khastha

khastha - standing in the sky, celestial

Compound type : tatpurusha (kha+stha)

• kha – sky, space
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, situated
  adjective
  Derived from √sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with haṃsānāṃ.

हंसानां (haṁsānāṁ) - of swans

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of haṃsa

haṁsa - swan, goose

Note: Part of the simile.

चरताम् (caratām) - of those moving, of those flying

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of carat

carat - moving, going, flying

Present Active Participle

Derived from √car (to move, wander)

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Agrees with haṃsānāṃ.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)