महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-53, verse-25

विस्फार्य सुमहच्चापं हेमपृष्ठं दुरासदम् ।
संरब्धोऽथ भरद्वाजः फल्गुनं प्रत्ययुध्यत ॥२५॥

25. visphārya sumahaccāpaṁ hemapṛṣṭhaṁ durāsadam ,
saṁrabdho'tha bharadvājaḥ phalgunaṁ pratyayudhyata.

25. visphārya sumahat cāpam hemapṛṣṭham durāsadam
saṃrabdhaḥ atha bharadvājaḥ phalgunaṃ prati ayudhyata

25. Then, Bharadvaja, enraged, stretched his very great, gold-backed, formidable bow and fought against Arjuna.

Words meanings summery:

• विस्फार्य (visphārya) - having stretched, having drawn

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, huge, mighty

• चापम् (cāpam) - bow

• हेमपृष्ठम् (hemapṛṣṭham) - gold-backed, having a golden back

• दुरासदम् (durāsadam) - difficult to approach, formidable, invincible

• संरब्धः (saṁrabdhaḥ) - enraged, furious, agitated

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• भरद्वाजः (bharadvājaḥ) - Bharadvaja (name of a sage)

• फल्गुनं (phalgunaṁ) - Arjuna (a name for Arjuna)

• प्रति (prati) - towards, against, concerning

• अयुध्यत (ayudhyata) - fought

Words meanings and morphology

विस्फार्य (visphārya) - having stretched, having drawn

(indeclinable)

Gerund

Formed with suffix '-ya' after a prefix, indicating completion of an action before another.

Prefix: vi

Root: sphṛ (class 6)

सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, huge, mighty

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, enormous, mighty

Compound of 'su' (good, very) and 'mahat' (great).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix/adverb.
• mahat – great, large, big, mighty
  adjective
  From root 'mah' (to grow, be great).
  Root: mah (class 1)

चापम् (cāpam) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cāpa

cāpa - bow

हेमपृष्ठम् (hemapṛṣṭham) - gold-backed, having a golden back

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hemapṛṣṭha

hemapṛṣṭha - gold-backed, having a golden back

Compound of 'heman' (gold) and 'pṛṣṭha' (back).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (heman+pṛṣṭha)

• heman – gold
  noun (neuter)
• pṛṣṭha – back, surface, top
  noun (neuter)

दुरासदम् (durāsadam) - difficult to approach, formidable, invincible

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of durāsada

durāsada - difficult to approach, unassailable, formidable

Compound of 'dur' (bad, difficult) and 'āsada' (approaching, from root 'sad' with prefix 'ā').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+āsada)

• dur – bad, difficult, hard
  indeclinable
  Prefix/adverb.
• āsada – approaching, obtaining, attack
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'sad' with prefix 'ā'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: sad (class 1)

संरब्धः (saṁrabdhaḥ) - enraged, furious, agitated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃrabdha

saṁrabdha - enraged, furious, agitated, provoked

Past Passive Participle

From root 'rabh' with prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: rabh (class 1)

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

भरद्वाजः (bharadvājaḥ) - Bharadvaja (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharadvāja

bharadvāja - Bharadvaja, name of a celebrated Vedic seer

फल्गुनं (phalgunaṁ) - Arjuna (a name for Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of phalguna

phalguna - Arjuna (a name of the Pandava prince)

प्रति (prati) - towards, against, concerning

(indeclinable)

अयुध्यत (ayudhyata) - fought

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of yudh

Imperfect Tense

ātmanepada, 3rd person singular, root 'yudh' (class 4). Preceded by augment 'a-'.

Root: yudh (class 4)