महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-53, verse-58

अथ गाण्डीवमुद्यम्य दिव्यं धनुरमर्षणः ।
विचकर्ष रणे पार्थो बाहुभ्यां भरतर्षभ ॥५८॥

58. atha gāṇḍīvamudyamya divyaṁ dhanuramarṣaṇaḥ ,
vicakarṣa raṇe pārtho bāhubhyāṁ bharatarṣabha.

58. atha gāṇḍīvam udyamya divyam dhanuḥ amarṣaṇaḥ
vicakarṣa raṇe pārthaḥ bāhubhyām bharatarṣabha

58. Then, O best among Bhāratas (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), the indignant Pārtha (Arjuna), having raised his divine bow Gāṇḍīva, drew it back with both his arms in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• गाण्डीवम् (gāṇḍīvam) - the celestial bow named Gāṇḍīva (Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow))

• उद्यम्य (udyamya) - having lifted, having raised, having taken up

• दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine, celestial, heavenly

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• अमर्षणः (amarṣaṇaḥ) - indignant, wrathful, impatient

• विचकर्ष (vicakarṣa) - he drew, he stretched (the bowstring)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (Pārtha, Arjuna)

• बाहुभ्याम् (bāhubhyām) - with two arms, by means of both arms

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed by Sañjaya) (O best among Bhāratas)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

गाण्डीवम् (gāṇḍīvam) - the celestial bow named Gāṇḍīva (Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow))

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gāṇḍīva

gāṇḍīva - the name of Arjuna's celestial bow

उद्यम्य (udyamya) - having lifted, having raised, having taken up

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root yam with prefix ud- and suffix -ya (used after prefixes).

Prefix: ud

Root: yam (class 1)

दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine, celestial, heavenly

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of divya

divya - divine, celestial, supernatural, excellent

Derived from div (heaven).

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc, curve

Note: Object of 'udyamya' and 'vicakarṣa'.

अमर्षणः (amarṣaṇaḥ) - indignant, wrathful, impatient

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amarṣaṇa

amarṣaṇa - indignant, impatient, wrathful, intolerant

Compound formed with negative prefix 'a-' and 'marṣaṇa' (forbearing).

Compound type : nah-tatpuruṣa (a+marṣaṇa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• marṣaṇa – forbearing, patient, enduring
  adjective (masculine)
  From root mṛṣ (to bear, endure).
  Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

Note: In agreement with 'pārthaḥ'.

विचकर्ष (vicakarṣa) - he drew, he stretched (the bowstring)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛṣ

perfect

Perfect 3rd person singular, from root kṛṣ with prefix vi-. Features reduplication.

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict

From root raṇ (to sound, to delight, also used for fighting).

Root: raṇ (class 1)

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (Pārtha, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā.

Note: Subject of 'vicakarṣa'.

बाहुभ्याम् (bāhubhyām) - with two arms, by means of both arms

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of bāhu

bāhu - arm, fore-arm

Note: Denotes the means or instrument.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed by Sañjaya) (O best among Bhāratas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull of the Bhāratas, best among the Bhāratas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a warrior
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: An epithet for Dhṛtarāṣṭra.