महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-53, verse-23

द्रोणं हि समरे कोऽन्यो योद्धुमर्हति फल्गुनात् ।
रौद्रः क्षत्रियधर्मोऽयं गुरुणा यदयुध्यत ।
इत्यब्रुवञ्जनास्तत्र संग्रामशिरसि स्थिताः ॥२३॥

23. droṇaṁ hi samare ko'nyo yoddhumarhati phalgunāt ,
raudraḥ kṣatriyadharmo'yaṁ guruṇā yadayudhyata ,
ityabruvañjanāstatra saṁgrāmaśirasi sthitāḥ.

23. droṇam hi samare kaḥ anyaḥ yoddhum
arhati phalgunāt raudraḥ kṣatriyadharmaḥ
ayam guruṇā yat ayudhyata iti abruvan
janāḥ tatra saṃgrāmaśirasi sthitāḥ

23. "Indeed, who else in battle is capable of fighting Drona apart from Arjuna? This is a fierce duty (dharma) for a warrior (kṣatriya), that one should fight one's preceptor (guru)." Thus spoke the people stationed there at the forefront of the battle.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - the preceptor Drona (Drona)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• कः (kaḥ) - who?

• अन्यः (anyaḥ) - other, another

• योद्धुम् (yoddhum) - to fight, for fighting

• अर्हति (arhati) - is worthy, is able, deserves

• फल्गुनात् (phalgunāt) - apart from Arjuna (from Arjuna)

• रौद्रः (raudraḥ) - fierce, terrible, awful

• क्षत्रियधर्मः (kṣatriyadharmaḥ) - the duty (dharma) of a warrior (kṣatriya)

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• गुरुणा (guruṇā) - with one's preceptor (Drona) (by the preceptor, with the preceptor)

• यत् (yat) - that, which (conjunctive)

• अयुध्यत (ayudhyata) - he fought

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they spoke, they said

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people, men

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• संग्रामशिरसि (saṁgrāmaśirasi) - at the head/forefront of the battle

• स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - situated, standing, stationed

Words meanings and morphology

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - the preceptor Drona (Drona)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (a proper name), bucket, measure

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

कः (kaḥ) - who?

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

अन्यः (anyaḥ) - other, another

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another

योद्धुम् (yoddhum) - to fight, for fighting

(verb)

Infinitive

From root yudh 'to fight'

Root: yudh (class 4)

अर्हति (arhati) - is worthy, is able, deserves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)

फल्गुनात् (phalgunāt) - apart from Arjuna (from Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of phalguna

phalguna - Arjuna (a proper name), a month, a tree

Note: Used with 'anyaḥ' to express 'other than'.

रौद्रः (raudraḥ) - fierce, terrible, awful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of raudra

raudra - fierce, terrible, violent, relating to Rudra

क्षत्रियधर्मः (kṣatriyadharmaḥ) - the duty (dharma) of a warrior (kṣatriya)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatriyadharma

kṣatriyadharma - the duty or natural law of a kṣatriya

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṣatriya+dharma)

• kṣatriya – warrior, member of the kṣatriya caste
  noun (masculine)
• dharma – law, duty, righteousness, constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

गुरुणा (guruṇā) - with one's preceptor (Drona) (by the preceptor, with the preceptor)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, heavy, important

यत् (yat) - that, which (conjunctive)

(indeclinable)

अयुध्यत (ayudhyata) - he fought

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (Laṅ) of yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they spoke, they said

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

जनाः (janāḥ) - people, men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, people, man

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

संग्रामशिरसि (saṁgrāmaśirasi) - at the head/forefront of the battle

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṃgrāmaśiras

saṁgrāmaśiras - head of battle, forefront of battle

Compound type : tatpurusha (saṃgrāma+śiras)

• saṃgrāma – battle, war, conflict
  noun (masculine)
• śiras – head, top, forefront
  noun (neuter)

स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - situated, standing, stationed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sthita

sthita - stood, situated, existing, placed

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā 'to stand'

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'janāḥ' (people)