महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-42, verse-47

तमुवाचैवमुक्तस्तु धर्मराण्मधुसूदनम् ।
तव प्रसादाद्गोविन्द प्राप्तवानस्मि वै क्रतुम् ॥४७॥

47. tamuvācaivamuktastu dharmarāṇmadhusūdanam ,
tava prasādādgovinda prāptavānasmi vai kratum.

47. tam uvāca evam uktaḥ tu dharmarāṭ madhusūdanam
tava prasādāt govinda prāptavān asmi vai kratum

47. evam uktaḥ tu dharmarāṭ tam madhusūdanam uvāca
govinda tava prasādāt aham vai kratum prāptavān asmi

47. When thus addressed, the King of natural law (dharmarāj Yudhiṣṭhira) replied to Madhusūdana (Krishna): 'By your grace, O Govinda, I have indeed successfully accomplished this Vedic ritual (kratu).'

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - to him (Madhusudana) (to him, that (masculine accusative singular))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke (he spoke, he said)

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (himself, i.e., Yudhishthira having been addressed) (spoken, said, addressed)

• तु (tu) - when, however (introducing the reply) (but, indeed, however)

• धर्मराट् (dharmarāṭ) - the King of natural law (dharmarāj Yudhiṣṭhira) (king of dharma, king of justice, Yudhisthira)

• मधुसूदनम् (madhusūdanam) - to Madhusudana (Krishna) (Madhusudana (an epithet of Krishna))

• तव (tava) - your (your, of you)

• प्रसादात् (prasādāt) - by your grace (by grace, by favor, by clearness)

• गोविन्द (govinda) - O Govinda (Krishna) (O Govinda (an epithet of Krishna))

• प्राप्तवान् (prāptavān) - having successfully accomplished (having obtained, one who has obtained, achieved)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am (forms perfect tense with `prāptavān`) (I am)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, verily)

• क्रतुम् (kratum) - this Vedic ritual (kratu) (Vedic ritual, sacrifice, resolve)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - to him (Madhusudana) (to him, that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, him

Note: Object of `uvāca` indirectly, refers to Madhusudana.

उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense (Liṭ), active voice

3rd person singular perfect active of root `vac`. Formally from `brū` class 2, but historically from `vac`.

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (himself, i.e., Yudhishthira having been addressed) (spoken, said, addressed)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, addressed, mentioned

Past Passive Participle

From root `vac` (to speak) + `kta` suffix.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Used adverbially or as a predicate adjective with an implied "being".

तु (tu) - when, however (introducing the reply) (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

धर्मराट् (dharmarāṭ) - the King of natural law (dharmarāj Yudhiṣṭhira) (king of dharma, king of justice, Yudhisthira)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmarāj

dharmarāj - king of natural law, king of righteousness, a title for Yudhisthira, Yama

Compound of `dharma` (natural law, righteousness) and `rājan` (king).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (dharma+rājan)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  From root `dhṛ` (to uphold, support) + `man` suffix.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rājan – king, ruler, prince
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

मधुसूदनम् (madhusūdanam) - to Madhusudana (Krishna) (Madhusudana (an epithet of Krishna))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana

madhusūdana - slayer of the demon Madhu, an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna

Compound of `madhu` (name of a demon) and `sūdana` (slayer, destroyer).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhu+sūdana)

• madhu – honey, sweet, name of a demon
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• sūdana – slayer, destroyer, crusher
  noun (masculine)
  From root `sūd` (to destroy, kill) + `ana` suffix.
  Root: sūd (class 10)

तव (tava) - your (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive, modifies `prasādāt`.

प्रसादात् (prasādāt) - by your grace (by grace, by favor, by clearness)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of prasāda

prasāda - grace, favor, kindness, clearness, calmness

From `pra` + root `sad` (to sit, settle, be pleased) + `a` suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

गोविन्द (govinda) - O Govinda (Krishna) (O Govinda (an epithet of Krishna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of govinda

govinda - protector of cows, finder of cows, an epithet of Krishna/Vishnu

Compound of `go` (cow) and `vinda` (finder, protector).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (go+vinda)

• go – cow, earth, ray of light
  noun (masculine/feminine)
• vinda – finder, obtainer, knower
  noun (masculine)
  From root `vid` (to find, know) + `a` suffix.
  Root: vid (class 6)

प्राप्तवान् (prāptavān) - having successfully accomplished (having obtained, one who has obtained, achieved)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, gained, attained

Past Active Participle

From `pra` + root `āp` (to obtain, reach) + `tavat` suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Part of `prāptavān asmi` (have obtained).

अस्मि (asmi) - I am (forms perfect tense with `prāptavān`) (I am)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present tense, active voice

1st person singular present active of root `as`.

Root: as (class 2)

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, verily)

(indeclinable)

An emphatic particle.

क्रतुम् (kratum) - this Vedic ritual (kratu) (Vedic ritual, sacrifice, resolve)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kratu

kratu - Vedic ritual, sacrifice, resolve, will, power

From root `kṛ` (to do, make) + `tu` suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to the Rājasūya mentioned in the previous verse.