महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-42, verse-17

ततस्तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा शिशुपालः प्रतापवान् ।
जहास स्वनवद्धासं प्रहस्येदमुवाच ह ॥१७॥

17. tatastadvacanaṁ śrutvā śiśupālaḥ pratāpavān ,
jahāsa svanavaddhāsaṁ prahasyedamuvāca ha.

17. tataḥ tat vacanam śrutvā śiśupālaḥ pratāpavān
jahāsa svanavat hāsam prahasya idam uvāca ha

17. Then, the mighty Śiśupāla, upon hearing those words, laughed a resounding laugh. After laughing, he indeed spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thereupon, from that)

• तत् (tat) - those (words) (that, it)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - words (word, speech, saying)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (having heard, after hearing)

• शिशुपालः (śiśupālaḥ) - Śiśupāla (Śiśupāla (proper name))

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - mighty, powerful (mighty, powerful, glorious, majestic)

• जहास (jahāsa) - he laughed

• स्वनवत् (svanavat) - resounding, loudly (resounding, noisy, having sound, loudly)

• हासम् (hāsam) - a laugh (laughter, a laugh)

• प्रहस्य (prahasya) - having laughed (having laughed, after laughing)

• इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this, these)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke (he said, he spoke)

• ह (ha) - indeed (indeed, verily, surely (an emphatic particle))

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thereupon, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates sequence in time.

तत् (tat) - those (words) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to the words spoken by Vāsudeva (Krishna).

वचनम् (vacanam) - words (word, speech, saying)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying, utterance

Derived from root 'vac' with suffix 'ana'.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (having heard, after hearing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) form of the verb 'śru'.

Root: śru (class 1)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.

शिशुपालः (śiśupālaḥ) - Śiśupāla (Śiśupāla (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śiśupāla

śiśupāla - name of a king, cousin of Krishna and his arch-enemy

Note: Subject of 'jahāsa' and 'uvāca'.

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - mighty, powerful (mighty, powerful, glorious, majestic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - mighty, powerful, glorious, majestic, having splendor

Derived from 'pratāpa' with suffix 'matup'.

Note: Qualifies 'śiśupālaḥ'.

जहास (jahāsa) - he laughed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of has

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Perfect tense, third person singular.

स्वनवत् (svanavat) - resounding, loudly (resounding, noisy, having sound, loudly)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of svanavat

svanavat - resounding, noisy, having sound, loudly

Derived from 'svana' with suffix 'matup'.

Note: Qualifies 'hāsam', describing the manner of laughter.

हासम् (hāsam) - a laugh (laughter, a laugh)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hāsa

hāsa - laughter, laugh, ridicule

Derived from root 'has'.

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Object of 'jahāsa' (cognate accusative).

प्रहस्य (prahasya) - having laughed (having laughed, after laughing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (with prefix)

Absolutive (gerund) form of the verb 'has' with 'pra-'.

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb 'uvāca'.

इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this, these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Object of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Perfect tense, third person singular.

ह (ha) - indeed (indeed, verily, surely (an emphatic particle))

(indeclinable)