महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-42, verse-41

विराटमन्वयात्तूर्णं धृष्टद्युम्नः प्रतापवान् ।
धनंजयो यज्ञसेनं महात्मानं महारथः ॥४१॥

41. virāṭamanvayāttūrṇaṁ dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ pratāpavān ,
dhanaṁjayo yajñasenaṁ mahātmānaṁ mahārathaḥ.

41. virāṭam anvayāt tūrṇam dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ pratāpavān
dhanañjayaḥ yajñasenam mahātmānam mahārathaḥ

41. The mighty Dhṛṣṭadyumna swiftly followed King Virāṭa. Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), the great charioteer, accompanied the magnanimous, great-souled (mahātman) King Yajñasena (Drupada).

Words meanings summery:

• विराटम् (virāṭam) - King Virāṭa, host to the Pāṇḍavas during their incognito year. (Virāṭa)

• अन्वयात् (anvayāt) - he followed, he went after

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly, quickly, rapidly

• धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Brother of Draupadī and commander of the Pāṇḍava army. (Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - mighty, powerful, glorious

• धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - One of Arjuna's many names, meaning 'conqueror of wealth'. (Dhanañjaya (Arjuna))

• यज्ञसेनम् (yajñasenam) - King Drupada, father of Draupadī and Dhṛṣṭadyumna. (Yajñasena (Drupada))

• महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - Refers to King Yajñasena. (the great-souled, magnanimous)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - Describes Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), who was renowned for his skill in chariot warfare. (great charioteer, mighty warrior)

Words meanings and morphology

विराटम् (virāṭam) - King Virāṭa, host to the Pāṇḍavas during their incognito year. (Virāṭa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of virāṭa

virāṭa - Virāṭa (name of a king in the Mahābhārata)

Note: Object of `anvayāt`.

अन्वयात् (anvayāt) - he followed, he went after

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of anvi

Imperfect active

Imperfect third person singular active of root i (to go) with prefix anu-

Prefix: anu

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Subject is `dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ`.

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly, quickly, rapidly

(indeclinable)

From root tūr (to hasten), often used adverbially

Root: tūr (class 1)

धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Brother of Draupadī and commander of the Pāṇḍava army. (Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (name of Draupadī's brother, the commander of the Pāṇḍava army)

Born of fire-sacrifice, meaning 'bold in splendor'

Note: Subject of the first clause.

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - mighty, powerful, glorious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - mighty, powerful, glorious, majestic

Formed with suffix -vat, indicating possession of `pratāpa` (power, glory)

धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - One of Arjuna's many names, meaning 'conqueror of wealth'. (Dhanañjaya (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - Dhanañjaya (a name for Arjuna, meaning 'conqueror of wealth')

Note: Subject of the second clause.

यज्ञसेनम् (yajñasenam) - King Drupada, father of Draupadī and Dhṛṣṭadyumna. (Yajñasena (Drupada))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yajñasena

yajñasena - Yajñasena (name of King Drupada)

Note: Object of implied verb 'followed'.

महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - Refers to King Yajñasena. (the great-souled, magnanimous)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, high-minded, magnanimous

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, vast
  adjective (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `yajñasenam`.

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - Describes Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), who was renowned for his skill in chariot warfare. (great charioteer, mighty warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, mighty warrior, one who can fight ten thousand warriors

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ratha)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, car, warrior fighting from a chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `dhanañjayaḥ`.