महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-42, verse-45

गतेषु पार्थिवेन्द्रेषु सर्वेषु भरतर्षभ ।
युधिष्ठिरमुवाचेदं वासुदेवः प्रतापवान् ॥४५॥

45. gateṣu pārthivendreṣu sarveṣu bharatarṣabha ,
yudhiṣṭhiramuvācedaṁ vāsudevaḥ pratāpavān.

45. gateṣu pārthivendreṣu sarveṣu bharatarṣabha
yudhiṣṭhiram uvāca idam vāsudevaḥ pratāpavān

45. O best of Bharatas, when all the chief kings had departed, the glorious Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa) spoke these words to Yudhiṣṭhira.

Words meanings summery:

• गतेषु (gateṣu) - When the kings had departed. Locative absolute construction. (gone, departed; when they had gone)

• पार्थिवेन्द्रेषु (pārthivendreṣu) - chief among kings, supreme kings, paramount kings

• सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - All the chief kings. (all, whole)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Vocative address to Dhritarashtra by Sanjaya. (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira

• उवाच (uvāca) - Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa) said. (he said, he spoke)

• इदम् (idam) - Refers to the speech that will follow. (this, these (words))

• वासुदेवः (vāsudevaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa, son of Vasudeva. (Vasudeva)

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - glorious, powerful, majestic

Words meanings and morphology

गतेषु (gateṣu) - When the kings had departed. Locative absolute construction. (gone, departed; when they had gone)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, departed, past

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root gam ('to go')

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Part of locative absolute construction.

पार्थिवेन्द्रेषु (pārthivendreṣu) - chief among kings, supreme kings, paramount kings

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of pārthivendra

pārthivendra - chief of kings, paramount king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pārthiva+indra)

• pārthiva – earthly, king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from pṛthivī (earth)
• indra – chief, lord, best (like Indra)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Part of locative absolute construction.

सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - All the chief kings. (all, whole)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Modifies `pārthivendreṣu`.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Vocative address to Dhritarashtra by Sanjaya. (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of Bharatas, bull among Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata (name of a dynasty)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull; chief, excellent (used as a superlative suffix)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Vocative case, addressing Dhritarashtra.

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava prince)

Note: Object of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa) said. (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active, 3rd singular

Root: vac (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - Refers to the speech that will follow. (this, these (words))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Acts as an object of `uvāca`.

वासुदेवः (vāsudevaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa, son of Vasudeva. (Vasudeva)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - Vāsudeva (name of Kṛṣṇa, son of Vasudeva)

Derived from Vasudeva (father's name) with `aṇ` suffix for 'son of'

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - glorious, powerful, majestic

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - possessed of glory, powerful, majestic, valorous

Derived from pratāpa ('power, glory') with matup suffix

Note: Adjective for Vāsudeva.