महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-42, verse-15

रुक्मिण्यामस्य मूढस्य प्रार्थनासीन्मुमूर्षतः ।
न च तां प्राप्तवान्मूढः शूद्रो वेदश्रुतिं यथा ॥१५॥

15. rukmiṇyāmasya mūḍhasya prārthanāsīnmumūrṣataḥ ,
na ca tāṁ prāptavānmūḍhaḥ śūdro vedaśrutiṁ yathā.

15. rukmiṇyām asya mūḍhasya prārthanā āsīt mumūrṣataḥ
na ca tām prāptavān mūḍhaḥ śūdraḥ vedaśrutim yathā

15. This foolish man, who was as good as dead, had a desire for Rukmiṇī. Yet, this deluded one did not obtain her, just as a Śūdra cannot obtain Vedic knowledge.

Words meanings summery:

• रुक्मिण्याम् (rukmiṇyām) - concerning Rukmiṇī (a specific princess) (in Rukmini, concerning Rukmini)

• अस्य (asya) - of his (Śiśupāla's) (of him, his; of this)

• मूढस्य (mūḍhasya) - of the foolish man (Śiśupāla) (of the foolish, of the deluded, of the bewildered)

• प्रार्थना (prārthanā) - desire, longing (request, prayer, desire, longing)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

• मुमूर्षतः (mumūrṣataḥ) - of one who was desiring to die (or as good as dead) (of one desiring to die, of one about to die)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• च (ca) - and, yet (and, also, moreover)

• ताम् (tām) - her (Rukmiṇī) (her, that (feminine accusative))

• प्राप्तवान् (prāptavān) - he obtained, he attained

• मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - this foolish man (Śiśupāla) (the foolish one, the deluded one)

• शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a Śūdra (by analogy) (a Śūdra (member of the lowest social class))

• वेदश्रुतिम् (vedaśrutim) - Vedic knowledge/lore (Vedic knowledge, the hearing of Vedas, Vedic tradition)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

Words meanings and morphology

रुक्मिण्याम् (rukmiṇyām) - concerning Rukmiṇī (a specific princess) (in Rukmini, concerning Rukmini)

(proper noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of rukmiṇī

rukmiṇī - name of a princess, wife of Krishna

अस्य (asya) - of his (Śiśupāla's) (of him, his; of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Refers to the foolish man, Śiśupāla.

मूढस्य (mūḍhasya) - of the foolish man (Śiśupāla) (of the foolish, of the deluded, of the bewildered)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, deluded, bewildered, ignorant

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'muh'.

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'asya' (of him).

प्रार्थना (prārthanā) - desire, longing (request, prayer, desire, longing)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prārthanā

prārthanā - request, prayer, desire, longing

Derived from root 'arth' with 'pra-'.

Prefix: pra

Root: arth (class 10)

आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Imperfect tense, third person singular.

मुमूर्षतः (mumūrṣataḥ) - of one who was desiring to die (or as good as dead) (of one desiring to die, of one about to die)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mumūrṣat

mumūrṣat - desiring to die, about to die

Present Active Participle (Desiderative)

Present active participle of the desiderative stem of root 'mṛ'.

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'mūḍhasya' (of the foolish one).

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, yet (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

ताम् (tām) - her (Rukmiṇī) (her, that (feminine accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to Rukmiṇī.

प्राप्तवान् (prāptavān) - he obtained, he attained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāptavat

prāptavat - obtained, attained, having reached

Perfect Active Participle

Perfect active participle of root 'āp' with 'pra-'.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Acts as the main verb here.

मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - this foolish man (Śiśupāla) (the foolish one, the deluded one)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, deluded, bewildered, ignorant

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'muh'.

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Refers to Śiśupāla, acting as the subject of 'prāptavān'.

शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a Śūdra (by analogy) (a Śūdra (member of the lowest social class))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūdra

śūdra - a member of the fourth (lowest) social class

Note: Part of the simile.

वेदश्रुतिम् (vedaśrutim) - Vedic knowledge/lore (Vedic knowledge, the hearing of Vedas, Vedic tradition)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vedaśruti

vedaśruti - Vedic knowledge, hearing of the Vedas, Vedic tradition

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (veda+śruti)

• veda – knowledge, sacred knowledge, Veda
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• śruti – hearing, revelation, sacred tradition, Veda
  noun (feminine)
  Root: śru (class 1)

Note: Object of implied verb 'prāptum' (to obtain).

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to introduce a comparison.