महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-271, verse-44

सोऽस्मादथ भ्रश्यति कालयोगात्कृष्णे तले तिष्ठति सर्वकष्टे ।
यथा त्वयं सिध्यति जीवलोकस्तत्तेऽभिधास्याम्यसुरप्रवीर ॥४४॥

44. so'smādatha bhraśyati kālayogā;tkṛṣṇe tale tiṣṭhati sarvakaṣṭe ,
yathā tvayaṁ sidhyati jīvaloka;statte'bhidhāsyāmyasurapravīra.

44. saḥ asmāt atha bhraśyati kālayogāt
kṛṣṇe tale tiṣṭhati sarvakaṣṭe
yathā tu ayam sidhyati jīvalokaḥ
tat te abhidhāsyāmi asurapravīra

44. Then he falls from this [state] due to the influence of time, and he remains in a dark realm, full of all suffering. O chief of Asuras, I will now explain to you how this living world (jīvaloka) functions.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अस्मात् (asmāt) - from this, from here

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• भ्रश्यति (bhraśyati) - he falls, he deviates, he perishes

• कालयोगात् (kālayogāt) - due to the influence of time, by the connection of time

• कृष्णे (kṛṣṇe) - in a dark realm (in the dark, in the black)

• तले (tale) - in the surface, in the realm, in the abode

• तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - he stands, he remains, he exists

• सर्वकष्टे (sarvakaṣṭe) - in all suffering, full of all hardship

• यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which way

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• अयम् (ayam) - this, he

• सिध्यति (sidhyati) - it succeeds, it is accomplished, it functions

• जीवलोकः (jīvalokaḥ) - the world of living beings, the mortal world

• तत् (tat) - that, therefore

• ते (te) - to you, for you

• अभिधास्यामि (abhidhāsyāmi) - I will explain, I will declare

• असुरप्रवीर (asurapravīra) - O chief of Asuras, O excellent Asura

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the same being.

अस्मात् (asmāt) - from this, from here

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Refers to the human state mentioned in the previous verse.

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks a transition in the narrative.

भ्रश्यति (bhraśyati) - he falls, he deviates, he perishes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of bhraś

Present, Active Voice

Root: bhraś (class 4)

कालयोगात् (kālayogāt) - due to the influence of time, by the connection of time

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kālayoga

kālayoga - connection with time, influence of time, juncture of time

Compound: kāla (time) + yoga (connection, influence)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāla+yoga)

• kāla – time, period
  noun (masculine)
• yoga – union, connection, application, influence, practice
  noun (masculine)
  from root yuj- 'to join'
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Indicates the cause of falling.

कृष्णे (kṛṣṇe) - in a dark realm (in the dark, in the black)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - black, dark, dark-blue, Kṛṣṇa

तले (tale) - in the surface, in the realm, in the abode

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tala

tala - surface, plane, flat ground, realm, abode, palm, sole

तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - he stands, he remains, he exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of sthā

Present, Active Voice

Root: sthā (class 1)

सर्वकष्टे (sarvakaṣṭe) - in all suffering, full of all hardship

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of sarvakaṣṭa

sarvakaṣṭa - full of all suffering/hardship

Compound: sarva (all) + kaṣṭa (suffering, difficulty)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sarva+kaṣṭa)

• sarva – all, every
  pronoun (masculine)
• kaṣṭa – difficulty, suffering, pain, trouble
  noun (neuter)

यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

अयम् (ayam) - this, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to jīvalokaḥ.

सिध्यति (sidhyati) - it succeeds, it is accomplished, it functions

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of sidh

Present, Active Voice

Root: sidh (class 4)

Note: The subject is jīvalokaḥ.

जीवलोकः (jīvalokaḥ) - the world of living beings, the mortal world

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīvaloka

jīvaloka - world of living beings, mortal world

Compound: jīva (living) + loka (world)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jīva+loka)

• jīva – living, alive, living being, soul
  noun (masculine)
  from root jīv- 'to live'
  Root: jīv (class 1)
• loka – world, realm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of sidhyati.

तत् (tat) - that, therefore

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, therefore, so

Note: Refers to the preceding clause.

ते (te) - to you, for you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yusmad

yusmad - you

Note: Indirect object of abhidhāsyāmi.

अभिधास्यामि (abhidhāsyāmi) - I will explain, I will declare

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of abhidhā

Future, Active Voice

from abhi-dhā 'to place upon, declare'

Prefix: abhi

Root: dhā (class 3)

असुरप्रवीर (asurapravīra) - O chief of Asuras, O excellent Asura

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of asurapravīra

asurapravīra - chief of Asuras, excellent Asura

Compound: asura (demon) + pravīra (chief, hero)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (asura+pravīra)

• asura – demon, anti-god
  noun (masculine)
• pravīra – chief, hero, excellent warrior
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: vīr (class 10)

Note: The addressee of the speaker.