महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-271, verse-43

स देवलोके विहरत्यभीक्ष्णं ततश्च्युतो मानुषतामुपैति ।
संहारविक्षेपशतानि चाष्टौ मर्त्येषु तिष्ठन्नमृतत्वमेति ॥४३॥

43. sa devaloke viharatyabhīkṣṇaṁ; tataścyuto mānuṣatāmupaiti ,
saṁhāravikṣepaśatāni cāṣṭau; martyeṣu tiṣṭhannamṛtatvameti.

43. saḥ devaloke viharati abhīkṣṇam
tataḥ cyutaḥ mānuṣatām upaiti
saṃhāravikṣepaśatāni ca aṣṭau
martyeṣu tiṣṭhan amṛtatvam eti

43. He constantly dwells in the celestial realm; then, falling from there, he obtains a human state. Remaining among mortals, he attains immortality (amṛtatva) after eight hundred cycles of cosmic dissolution and projection.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• देवलोके (devaloke) - in the world of gods, in the celestial realm

• विहरति (viharati) - he wanders, he sports, he dwells

• अभीक्ष्णम् (abhīkṣṇam) - constantly, frequently

• ततः (tataḥ) - thence, from there, then

• च्युतः (cyutaḥ) - fallen, deviated

• मानुषताम् (mānuṣatām) - human state, humanity

• उपैति (upaiti) - he obtains, he approaches, he attains

• संहारविक्षेपशतानि (saṁhāravikṣepaśatāni) - hundreds of dissolution and projection

• च (ca) - and, also

• अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight

• मर्त्येषु (martyeṣu) - among mortals, in mortal bodies

• तिष्ठन् (tiṣṭhan) - remaining, standing, existing

• अमृतत्वम् (amṛtatvam) - immortality, deathlessness

• एति (eti) - he goes, he attains

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the same being from the previous verse.

देवलोके (devaloke) - in the world of gods, in the celestial realm

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of devaloka

devaloka - world of gods, celestial realm

Compound: deva (god) + loka (world)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+loka)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• loka – world, realm, space
  noun (masculine)

विहरति (viharati) - he wanders, he sports, he dwells

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of vihar

Present, Active Voice

from vi-hṛ 'to take apart, separate, wander'

Prefix: vi

Root: hṛ (class 1)

अभीक्ष्णम् (abhīkṣṇam) - constantly, frequently

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - thence, from there, then

(indeclinable)

च्युतः (cyutaḥ) - fallen, deviated

(past passive participle)

Note: Describes the state of the subject.

मानुषताम् (mānuṣatām) - human state, humanity

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mānuṣatā

mānuṣatā - humanity, human state, human nature

from mānuṣa (human) + -tā (suffix for abstract noun)

Note: Object of upaiti.

उपैति (upaiti) - he obtains, he approaches, he attains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of upaiti

Present, Active Voice

from upa-i 'to go near'

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

संहारविक्षेपशतानि (saṁhāravikṣepaśatāni) - hundreds of dissolution and projection

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of saṃhāravikṣepaśata

saṁhāravikṣepaśata - hundreds of cosmic dissolution and projection

Compound: saṃhāra (dissolution) + vikṣepa (projection) + śata (hundred)

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (saṃhāra+vikṣepa+śata)

• saṃhāra – drawing together, destruction, cosmic dissolution
  noun (masculine)
  from saṃ-hṛ 'to draw together, destroy'
  Prefix: sam
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• vikṣepa – throwing about, distraction, projection, creation
  noun (masculine)
  from vi-kṣip 'to throw about, scatter'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kṣip (class 6)
• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the number of cycles, combined with aṣṭau.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight

(numeral)

Note: Modifies saṃhāravikṣepaśatāni to mean 'eight hundreds'.

मर्त्येषु (martyeṣu) - among mortals, in mortal bodies

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of martya

martya - mortal, human being

from root mṛ- 'to die'

Root: mṛ (class 1)

Note: Describes where the state of remaining occurs.

तिष्ठन् (tiṣṭhan) - remaining, standing, existing

(present active participle)

Note: Describes the condition while attaining immortality.

अमृतत्वम् (amṛtatvam) - immortality, deathlessness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of amṛtatva

amṛtatva - immortality, deathlessness, eternal life

from amṛta (immortal) + -tva (suffix for abstract noun)

Note: Object of eti.

एति (eti) - he goes, he attains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of eti

Present, Active Voice

from root i- 'to go'

Root: i (class 2)