महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-271, verse-12

तद्वज्जातिशतैर्जीवः शुध्यतेऽल्पेन कर्मणा ।
यत्नेन महता चैवाप्येकजातौ विशुध्यते ॥१२॥

12. tadvajjātiśatairjīvaḥ śudhyate'lpena karmaṇā ,
yatnena mahatā caivāpyekajātau viśudhyate.

12. tadvat jātiśataiḥ jīvaḥ śudhyate alpena karmaṇā
| yatnena mahatā ca eva api ekajātau viśudhyate

12. tadvat jīvaḥ alpena karmaṇā jātiśataiḥ śudhyate
ca eva api mahatā yatnena ekajātau viśudhyate

12. Similarly, the living being (jīva) is purified over hundreds of existences through even a small amount of action (karma); yet, it is also thoroughly purified even in a single existence through great effort.

Words meanings summery:

• तद्वत् (tadvat) - similarly, in that manner

• जातिशतैः (jātiśataiḥ) - through hundreds of births/existences

• जीवः (jīvaḥ) - the living being, the soul, the individual self (jīva)

• शुध्यते (śudhyate) - is purified, becomes clean

• अल्पेन (alpena) - by small, by little

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action, by work, through karma

• यत्नेन (yatnena) - by effort, with exertion

• महता (mahatā) - with great, by great

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• एकजातौ (ekajātau) - in one birth, in a single existence

• विशुध्यते (viśudhyate) - is thoroughly purified, is completely cleansed

Words meanings and morphology

तद्वत् (tadvat) - similarly, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of tad (that).

जातिशतैः (jātiśataiḥ) - through hundreds of births/existences

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of jātiśata

jātiśata - hundred births/existences

Compound of jāti (birth/existence) and śata (hundred).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jāti+śata)

• jāti – birth, origin, species, existence
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root jan- (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)

जीवः (jīvaḥ) - the living being, the soul, the individual self (jīva)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīva

jīva - living, alive, life, soul, individual self (jīva)

Derived from root jīv- (to live).

Root: jīv (class 1)

शुध्यते (śudhyate) - is purified, becomes clean

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of śudh

Root: śudh (class 4)

अल्पेन (alpena) - by small, by little

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of alpa

alpa - small, little, few

Note: Agrees with 'karmaṇā'.

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action, by work, through karma

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual, fate (karma)

Derived from root kṛ- (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

यत्नेन (yatnena) - by effort, with exertion

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, endeavor

Derived from root yat- (to strive).

Root: yat (class 1)

महता (mahatā) - with great, by great

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, mighty

Note: Agrees with 'yatnena'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

एकजातौ (ekajātau) - in one birth, in a single existence

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of ekajāti

ekajāti - one birth, single existence

Compound of eka (one) and jāti (birth/existence).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+jāti)

• eka – one, single, unique
  adjective
• jāti – birth, origin, species, existence
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root jan- (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

विशुध्यते (viśudhyate) - is thoroughly purified, is completely cleansed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of viśudh

Root śudh- (to purify) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: śudh (class 4)