महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-159, verse-9

योऽनाहिताग्निः शतगुरयज्वा च सहस्रगुः ।
तयोरपि कुटुम्बाभ्यामाहरेदविचारयन् ॥९॥

9. yo'nāhitāgniḥ śatagurayajvā ca sahasraguḥ ,
tayorapi kuṭumbābhyāmāharedavicārayan.

9. yaḥ anāhitāgniḥ śataguḥ ayajvā ca sahasraguḥ
tayoḥ api kuṭumbābhyām āharet avicārayan

9. yaḥ anāhitāgniḥ śataguḥ ca yaḥ ayajvā sahasraguḥ
tayoḥ api kuṭumbābhyām avicārayan āharet

9. One should take (resources) without hesitation from the families of a person who possesses a hundred cows but has not established the sacred fires, and from a person who possesses a thousand cows but does not perform Vedic rituals (yajña).

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which, he who

• अनाहिताग्निः (anāhitāgniḥ) - one who has not kindled the sacred fire, one who has not performed Agnihotra

• शतगुः (śataguḥ) - possessing a hundred cows

• अयज्वा (ayajvā) - one who does not perform sacrifices (yajña)

• च (ca) - and

• सहस्रगुः (sahasraguḥ) - possessing a thousand cows

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - of/from those two

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• कुटुम्बाभ्याम् (kuṭumbābhyām) - from the two families, from the households

• आहरेत् (āharet) - one should take, one should collect

• अविचारयन् (avicārayan) - without deliberating, without hesitation, without examining

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, which, he who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

अनाहिताग्निः (anāhitāgniḥ) - one who has not kindled the sacred fire, one who has not performed Agnihotra

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anāhitāgni

anāhitāgni - one who has not consecrated the sacred fire

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+āhita+agni)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• āhita – placed, consecrated, established
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root dhā with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• agni – fire, sacred fire
  noun (masculine)

शतगुः (śataguḥ) - possessing a hundred cows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatagu

śatagu - having a hundred cattle/cows

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śata+go)

• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)
• go – cow, cattle
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the person described by yaḥ.

अयज्वा (ayajvā) - one who does not perform sacrifices (yajña)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ayajvan

ayajvan - one who does not sacrifice, not performing yajña

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+yajvan)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• yajvan – sacrificer, one who performs yajña
  noun (masculine)
  from root yaj
  Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Refers to the person described by yaḥ.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सहस्रगुः (sahasraguḥ) - possessing a thousand cows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahasragu

sahasragu - having a thousand cattle/cows

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sahasra+go)

• sahasra – thousand
  numeral (neuter)
• go – cow, cattle
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the person described by ayajvā.

तयोः (tayoḥ) - of/from those two

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the two types of wealthy but non-ritualistic persons mentioned.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

कुटुम्बाभ्याम् (kuṭumbābhyām) - from the two families, from the households

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, dual of kuṭumba

kuṭumba - family, household

Note: The dual indicates 'from the families of those two (types of people)'.

आहरेत् (āharet) - one should take, one should collect

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of hṛ

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Used impersonally, 'one should take'.

अविचारयन् (avicārayan) - without deliberating, without hesitation, without examining

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avicārayat

avicārayat - not deliberating, not thinking, not examining

Present Active Participle

from root car with prefix vi and causative suffix -aya, negated by a-

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+vicārayat)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• vicārayat – deliberating, thinking, examining
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  from root car with prefix vi and causative suffix -aya
  Prefix: vi
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied agent of āharet.