महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-159, verse-72

एवमेतत्समुद्दिष्टं प्रायश्चित्तं सनातनम् ।
ब्राह्मणस्य विशेषेण तत्त्वज्ञानेन जायते ॥७२॥

72. evametatsamuddiṣṭaṁ prāyaścittaṁ sanātanam ,
brāhmaṇasya viśeṣeṇa tattvajñānena jāyate.

72. evam etat samuddiṣṭam prāyaścittam sanātanam
brāhmaṇasya viśeṣeṇa tattvajñānena jāyate

72. evam etat sanātanam prāyaścittam samuddiṣṭam
brāhmaṇasya viśeṣeṇa tattvajñānena jāyate

72. Thus, this eternal atonement (prāyaścitta) has been declared. Especially for a Brahmin, (this atonement) arises from the knowledge of truth (tattva-jñāna).

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• एतत् (etat) - this, this one

• समुद्दिष्टम् (samuddiṣṭam) - declared, stated, taught, proclaimed

• प्रायश्चित्तम् (prāyaścittam) - atonement, expiation, penance

• सनातनम् (sanātanam) - eternal, perpetual, ancient, everlasting

• ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - for the Brahmin (of a Brahmin)

• विशेषेण (viśeṣeṇa) - especially, particularly, distinctively

• तत्त्वज्ञानेन (tattvajñānena) - by the knowledge of truth, through true knowledge

• जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises, comes into being

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

समुद्दिष्टम् (samuddiṣṭam) - declared, stated, taught, proclaimed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of diś

diś - to point out, to show, to declare

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'diś' (class 6) with upasargas 'sam' and 'ud'.

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Acts as a predicate to 'prāyaścittam'.

प्रायश्चित्तम् (prāyaścittam) - atonement, expiation, penance

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāyaścitta

prāyaścitta - atonement, expiation, penance

Compound of 'prāyaś' (an offence, sin) and 'citta' (intention, consideration).

Note: Subject of the first sentence.

सनातनम् (sanātanam) - eternal, perpetual, ancient, everlasting

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, perpetual, ancient, everlasting

From 'sanā' (always) + 'tana' (suffix).

ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - for the Brahmin (of a Brahmin)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class, related to brahman

Derived from 'brahman'.

Note: Indicates possession or relation, 'for the Brahmin'.

विशेषेण (viśeṣeṇa) - especially, particularly, distinctively

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of viśeṣa

viśeṣa - distinction, particularity, special manner

From 'vi' + root 'śiṣ' (to distinguish).

Prefix: vi

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Emphasizes the following statement's applicability to Brahmins.

तत्त्वज्ञानेन (tattvajñānena) - by the knowledge of truth, through true knowledge

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tattvajñāna

tattvajñāna - knowledge of truth, knowledge of reality

Compound of 'tattva' (truth, reality, essence) and 'jñāna' (knowledge).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tattva+jñāna)

• tattva – truth, reality, essence, principle
  noun (neuter)
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'jñā' (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Indicates the means by which atonement arises.

जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises, comes into being

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

Present Tense, 3rd Person Singular

Derived from root 'jan' (class 4) in present tense, ātmanepada.

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: The implied subject is 'prāyaścittam' (atonement).