महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-159, verse-52

वैश्यं हत्वा तु वर्षे द्वे ऋषभैकशताश्च गाः ।
शूद्रं हत्वाब्दमेवैकमृषभैकादशाश्च गाः ॥५२॥

52. vaiśyaṁ hatvā tu varṣe dve ṛṣabhaikaśatāśca gāḥ ,
śūdraṁ hatvābdamevaikamṛṣabhaikādaśāśca gāḥ.

52. vaiśyam hatvā tu varṣe dve ṛṣabha eka śatāḥ ca gāḥ
śūdram hatvā abdam eva ekam ṛṣabha ekādaśāḥ ca gāḥ

52. tu vaiśyam hatvā [prāyaścittam] dve varṣe
[ca] ṛṣabha eka śatāḥ gāḥ [दातव्यम्]
śūdram hatvā [prāyaścittam] eva ekam
abdam [ca] ṛṣabha ekādaśāḥ gāḥ [दातव्यम्]

52. However, having killed a Vaiśya, the penance involves (a period of) two years, along with (the gift of) one hundred bulls and cows. And having killed a Śūdra, it involves only one year, along with eleven bulls and cows.

Words meanings summery:

• वैश्यम् (vaiśyam) - a Vaiśya (member of the merchant/farmer caste)

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed

• तु (tu) - indicates a contrast or continuation (but, indeed, yet)

• वर्षे (varṣe) - two years

• द्वे (dve) - two

• ऋषभ (ṛṣabha) - bull

• एक (eka) - one, single

• शताः (śatāḥ) - one hundred (bulls) (hundreds)

• च (ca) - and, also

• गाः (gāḥ) - cows

• शूद्रम् (śūdram) - a Śūdra (member of the laborer caste)

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed

• अब्दम् (abdam) - year

• एव (eva) - only, just

• एकम् (ekam) - one

• ऋषभ (ṛṣabha) - bull

• एकादशाः (ekādaśāḥ) - eleven

• च (ca) - and, also

• गाः (gāḥ) - cows

Words meanings and morphology

वैश्यम् (vaiśyam) - a Vaiśya (member of the merchant/farmer caste)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaiśya

vaiśya - a member of the third social class (trader, farmer)

Note: Object of hatvā.

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √han 'to strike, kill' + -tvā suffix

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the implied main verb.

तु (tu) - indicates a contrast or continuation (but, indeed, yet)

(indeclinable)

वर्षे (varṣe) - two years

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, dual of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain

Note: Indicates duration of time.

द्वे (dve) - two

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, dual of dvi

dvi - two

Note: Agrees with varṣe.

ऋषभ (ṛṣabha) - bull

(noun)

masculine, singular of ṛṣabha

ṛṣabha - bull, chief, excellent, best

Note: First part of the compound ṛṣabhaikaśatāḥ.

एक (eka) - one, single

(adjective)

singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique

Note: Part of the compound ṛṣabhaikaśatāḥ.

शताः (śatāḥ) - one hundred (bulls) (hundreds)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śata

śata - hundred

Note: From ṛṣabhaikaśata, indicating 'one hundred bulls'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

गाः (gāḥ) - cows

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light

Note: Objects to be given.

शूद्रम् (śūdram) - a Śūdra (member of the laborer caste)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śūdra

śūdra - a member of the fourth social class (laborer)

Note: Object of hatvā.

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √han 'to strike, kill' + -tvā suffix

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the implied main verb.

अब्दम् (abdam) - year

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abda

abda - year, cloud

Note: Indicates duration of time.

एव (eva) - only, just

(indeclinable)

एकम् (ekam) - one

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique

Note: Agrees with abdam.

ऋषभ (ṛṣabha) - bull

(noun)

masculine, singular of ṛṣabha

ṛṣabha - bull, chief, excellent, best

Note: First part of the compound ṛṣabhaikādaśāḥ.

एकादशाः (ekādaśāḥ) - eleven

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ekādaśan

ekādaśan - eleven

Note: Compound ṛṣabhaikādaśāḥ means 'eleven bulls'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

गाः (gāḥ) - cows

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light

Note: Objects to be given.