महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-159, verse-8

आहरेद्वेश्मतः किंचित्कामं शूद्रस्य द्रव्यतः ।
न हि वेश्मनि शूद्रस्य कश्चिदस्ति परिग्रहः ॥८॥

8. āharedveśmataḥ kiṁcitkāmaṁ śūdrasya dravyataḥ ,
na hi veśmani śūdrasya kaścidasti parigrahaḥ.

8. āharet veśmataḥ kiñcit kāmam śūdrasya dravyataḥ
na hi veśmani śūdrasya kaścit asti parigrahaḥ

8. saḥ pārthivaḥ śūdrasya veśmataḥ dravyataḥ kiñcit kāmam āharet,
hi śūdrasya veśmani kaścit parigrahaḥ na asti

8. The king should take something from the property in a Śūdra's house, as needed, because a Śūdra truly has no possessions (parigraha) in his own home.

Words meanings summery:

• आहरेत् (āharet) - he should take, he should collect, he should bring

• वेश्मतः (veśmataḥ) - from the house, from the dwelling

• किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - something, a little, whatever

• कामम् (kāmam) - as desired, willingly, gladly

• शूद्रस्य (śūdrasya) - of a Śūdra

• द्रव्यतः (dravyataḥ) - from wealth, in terms of property

• न (na) - not, no

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• वेश्मनि (veśmani) - in the house, in the dwelling

• शूद्रस्य (śūdrasya) - of a Śūdra

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone, anything, some

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• परिग्रहः (parigrahaḥ) - possession, property, acquisition

Words meanings and morphology

आहरेत् (āharet) - he should take, he should collect, he should bring

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of hṛ

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: The subject is implied to be the king (pārthiva) from the previous verse.

वेश्मतः (veśmataḥ) - from the house, from the dwelling

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of veśman

veśman - house, dwelling, home

किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - something, a little, whatever

(indeclinable)

From kim + cit

Note: Functions as an indefinite pronoun/adverb.

कामम् (kāmam) - as desired, willingly, gladly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'as desired' or 'as needed'.

शूद्रस्य (śūdrasya) - of a Śūdra

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śūdra

śūdra - Śūdra (member of the fourth varṇa, servant class)

द्रव्यतः (dravyataḥ) - from wealth, in terms of property

(indeclinable)

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

From root dru- (to run, flow) or drav- (to melt, run).

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: The suffix -taḥ indicates an ablative sense, 'from/in respect of property'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

वेश्मनि (veśmani) - in the house, in the dwelling

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of veśman

veśman - house, dwelling, home

शूद्रस्य (śūdrasya) - of a Śūdra

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śūdra

śūdra - Śūdra (member of the fourth varṇa, servant class)

कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone, anything, some

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścit

kaścit - anyone, anything, some, a certain

From kim + cit

Note: Used with na to mean 'nothing' or 'no one'.

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

परिग्रहः (parigrahaḥ) - possession, property, acquisition

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parigraha

parigraha - possession, property, acquisition, retinue

From root grah- (to seize, take) with prefix pari-

Prefix: pari

Root: grah (class 9)