महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-159, verse-50

एवं वा तपसा युक्तो ब्रह्महा सवनी भवेत् ।
एवं वा गर्भमज्ञाता चात्रेयीं योऽभिगच्छति ।
द्विगुणा ब्रह्महत्या वै आत्रेयीव्यसने भवेत् ॥५०॥

50. evaṁ vā tapasā yukto brahmahā savanī bhavet ,
evaṁ vā garbhamajñātā cātreyīṁ yo'bhigacchati ,
dviguṇā brahmahatyā vai ātreyīvyasane bhavet.

50. evam vā tapasā yuktaḥ brahmahā savanī
bhavet evam vā garbham ajñātā ca
ātreyīm yaḥ abhigacchati dviguṇā
brahmahatyā vai ātreyī vyasane bhavet

50. brahmahā evam tapasā yuktaḥ vā savanī
bhavet evam vā yaḥ garbham ajñātā ca
ātreyīm abhigacchati [tadā] ātreyī
vyasane brahmahatyā vai dviguṇā bhavet

50. Alternatively, a slayer of a Brahmin (brahmahā), thus engaged in penance (tapas), becomes purified. Or, if one approaches an Ātreyī (a woman of the Atri lineage) unknowingly pregnant, then in the calamity (vyasana) of the Ātreyī (referring to the loss of her fetus), the sin of Brahmin-slaying (brahmahatyā) is indeed doubled.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - in the manner described for penance (thus, in this manner)

• वा (vā) - indicates an alternative (or, either)

• तपसा (tapasā) - by penance, by austerity (tapas)

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - engaged in penance (joined, endowed with, engaged in, connected)

• ब्रह्महा (brahmahā) - slayer of a Brahmin

• सवनी (savanī) - purified from the sin of Brahmin-slaying (purified by a sacrifice (especially Agniṣṭoma), one who has performed a soma sacrifice)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, should become

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• वा (vā) - introduces another alternative (or, either)

• गर्भम् (garbham) - fetus (referring to the Ātreyī's pregnancy) (embryo, fetus, womb, interior)

• अज्ञाता (ajñātā) - unaware of her pregnancy (the Ātreyī's state) (unknown, unaware, ignorant)

• च (ca) - and, also

• आत्रेयीम् (ātreyīm) - daughter of Atri, a woman of the Atri lineage

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• अभिगच्छति (abhigacchati) - has sexual intercourse with (given the context of sin and Ātreyī) (approaches, goes to, obtains, has sexual intercourse with)

• द्विगुणा (dviguṇā) - twofold, double

• ब्रह्महत्या (brahmahatyā) - the sin of Brahmin-slaying, Brahmin-murder

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, truly (particle of emphasis)

• आत्रेयी व्यसने (ātreyī vyasane) - in the misfortune concerning an Ātreyī, specifically regarding the loss of her fetus (in the calamity of an Ātreyī)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, should become

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - in the manner described for penance (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - indicates an alternative (or, either)

(indeclinable)

तपसा (tapasā) - by penance, by austerity (tapas)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - penance, austerity, heat, spiritual fervor (tapas)

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - engaged in penance (joined, endowed with, engaged in, connected)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, connected, endowed with, engaged in, appropriate, concentrated

Past Passive Participle

From root √yuj 'to join, connect'

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with brahmahā.

ब्रह्महा (brahmahā) - slayer of a Brahmin

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmahan

brahmahan - Brahmin-slayer, murderer of a Brahmin

Compound of brahman (Brahmin) and han (killer)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+han)

• brahman – Brahmin, sacred knowledge, Brahman
  noun (masculine)
• han – slayer, killer
  noun (masculine)
  From root √han 'to strike, kill'
  Root: han (class 2)

सवनी (savanī) - purified from the sin of Brahmin-slaying (purified by a sacrifice (especially Agniṣṭoma), one who has performed a soma sacrifice)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of savanin

savanin - one who has offered a soma sacrifice, purified by a sacrifice

From savana (soma pressing, sacrifice) + -in (possessive suffix)

Note: Agrees with brahmahā.

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, should become

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of √bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - introduces another alternative (or, either)

(indeclinable)

गर्भम् (garbham) - fetus (referring to the Ātreyī's pregnancy) (embryo, fetus, womb, interior)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of garbha

garbha - womb, embryo, fetus, interior, child

Note: Used adverbially with ajñātā, implying 'unknowing of the fetus' or 'unknowingly having a fetus'.

अज्ञाता (ajñātā) - unaware of her pregnancy (the Ātreyī's state) (unknown, unaware, ignorant)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ajñāta

ajñāta - unknown, unaware, ignorant

Past Passive Participle

Negation (a-) of √jñā (to know) + kta suffix

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jñāta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• jñāta – known, understood
  verbal adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √jñā 'to know'
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with Ātreyī.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आत्रेयीम् (ātreyīm) - daughter of Atri, a woman of the Atri lineage

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ātreyī

ātreyī - daughter of Atri, a female descendant of Atri, a woman of the Atri Gotra

Feminine patronymic derived from Atri

Note: Object of abhigacchati.

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whoever

Note: Relative pronoun, refers to the agent of abhigacchati.

अभिगच्छति (abhigacchati) - has sexual intercourse with (given the context of sin and Ātreyī) (approaches, goes to, obtains, has sexual intercourse with)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √gam

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)

द्विगुणा (dviguṇā) - twofold, double

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dviguṇa

dviguṇa - twofold, double

Compound of dvi (two) and guṇa (fold, quality)

Compound type : dvigu (dvi+guṇa)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• guṇa – quality, attribute, multiple, fold
  noun (masculine)

ब्रह्महत्या (brahmahatyā) - the sin of Brahmin-slaying, Brahmin-murder

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of brahmahatyā

brahmahatyā - the killing of a Brahmin, the sin of Brahmin-slaying

Compound of brahman (Brahmin) and hatyā (killing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+hatyā)

• brahman – Brahmin
  noun (masculine)
• hatyā – killing, murder
  noun (feminine)
  From root √han 'to strike, kill'
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, truly (particle of emphasis)

(indeclinable)

आत्रेयी व्यसने (ātreyī vyasane) - in the misfortune concerning an Ātreyī, specifically regarding the loss of her fetus (in the calamity of an Ātreyī)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ātreyīvyasana

ātreyīvyasana - calamity/misfortune of an Ātreyī

Compound of Ātreyī (daughter of Atri) and vyasana (calamity)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (ātreyī+vyasana)

• ātreyī – daughter of Atri, a female descendant of Atri
  noun (feminine)
  Feminine patronymic derived from Atri
• vyasana – calamity, misfortune, vice, addiction
  noun (neuter)
  From vi-√as 'to throw'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: as (class 4)

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, should become

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of √bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)