महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-159, verse-7

यो वैश्यः स्याद्बहुपशुर्हीनक्रतुरसोमपः ।
कुटुम्बात्तस्य तद्द्रव्यं यज्ञार्थं पार्थिवो हरेत् ॥७॥

7. yo vaiśyaḥ syādbahupaśurhīnakraturasomapaḥ ,
kuṭumbāttasya taddravyaṁ yajñārthaṁ pārthivo haret.

7. yaḥ vaiśyaḥ syāt bahu-paśuḥ hīna-kratuḥ a-somapaḥ
kuṭumbāt tasya tat dravyam yajñārtham pārthivaḥ haret

7. pārthivaḥ haret tat dravyam yajñārtham tasya kuṭumbāt
yaḥ vaiśyaḥ bahu-paśuḥ hīna-kratuḥ a-somapaḥ syāt

7. If a Vaishya (member of the merchant/farmer class) possesses many cattle but is deficient in performing Vedic rituals (kratu) and does not partake in Soma ceremonies, then the king should take that wealth from his family's property for the purpose of a Vedic ritual (yajña).

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a Vaishya (member of the merchant/farmer class)

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be, is

• बहु-पशुः (bahu-paśuḥ) - having many cattle/animals

• हीन-क्रतुः (hīna-kratuḥ) - deficient in rituals, one who performs few or no Vedic rituals

• अ-सोमपः (a-somapaḥ) - not a Soma-drinker, one who does not perform Soma rituals

• कुटुम्बात् (kuṭumbāt) - from the family (resources), from the household

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of that

• तत् (tat) - that (property)

• द्रव्यम् (dravyam) - wealth, property, substance

• यज्ञार्थम् (yajñārtham) - for the purpose of a Vedic ritual (yajña)

• पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - the king, earthly ruler

• हरेत् (haret) - should take, should seize

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun, subject of syāt.

वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a Vaishya (member of the merchant/farmer class)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśya

vaiśya - a member of the third (merchant, farmer) class of society

Note: Appositive to yaḥ.

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be, is

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Introduces a conditional clause.

बहु-पशुः (bahu-paśuḥ) - having many cattle/animals

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bahu-paśu

bahu-paśu - having many cattle, rich in animals

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+paśu)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective (masculine)
• paśu – cattle, animal, beast
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate adjective for vaiśyaḥ.

हीन-क्रतुः (hīna-kratuḥ) - deficient in rituals, one who performs few or no Vedic rituals

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hīna-kratu

hīna-kratu - deficient in rituals, lacking in ceremonial acts

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hīna+kratu)

• hīna – deficient, deprived of, inferior
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root hā (to abandon, forsake)
  Root: hā (class 3)
• kratu – Vedic ritual, sacrifice, will, power
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate adjective for vaiśyaḥ.

अ-सोमपः (a-somapaḥ) - not a Soma-drinker, one who does not perform Soma rituals

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of a-somapa

a-somapa - not a Soma-drinker, one who does not perform Soma rituals

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+somapa)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• somapa – Soma-drinker, one who performs Soma rituals
  noun (masculine)
  From Soma (a ritual drink) and pa (drinker, from root pā)
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for vaiśyaḥ.

कुटुम्बात् (kuṭumbāt) - from the family (resources), from the household

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kuṭumba

kuṭumba - family, household, household property

Note: Source from which the property is taken.

तस्य (tasya) - his, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to vaiśyaḥ. Possessive of dravyam and kuṭumbāt.

तत् (tat) - that (property)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to dravyam.

द्रव्यम् (dravyam) - wealth, property, substance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dravya

dravya - wealth, property, substance, thing

Note: Object of haret.

यज्ञार्थम् (yajñārtham) - for the purpose of a Vedic ritual (yajña)

(indeclinable)

From yajña (ritual) + artha (purpose, for the sake of)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yajña+artha)

• yajña – Vedic ritual, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
  Root: yaj (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Expresses purpose.

पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - the king, earthly ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - of the earth, earthly, a king, ruler

Note: Subject of haret.

हरेत् (haret) - should take, should seize

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of hṛ

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Indicates obligation or duty.