महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-159, verse-1

भीष्म उवाच ।
कृतार्थो यक्ष्यमाणश्च सर्ववेदान्तगश्च यः ।
आचार्यपितृभार्यार्थं स्वाध्यायार्थमथापि वा ॥१॥

1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
kṛtārtho yakṣyamāṇaśca sarvavedāntagaśca yaḥ ,
ācāryapitṛbhāryārthaṁ svādhyāyārthamathāpi vā.

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca kṛtārthaḥ yakṣyamāṇaḥ ca sarvavedāntagaḥ
ca yaḥ ācāryapitṛbhāryārtham svādhyāyārtham atha api vā

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca yaḥ kṛtārthaḥ ca yakṣyamāṇaḥ ca sarvavedāntagaḥ
ācāryapitṛbhāryārtham vā atha api svādhyāyārtham

1. Bhishma said: He who is accomplished in purpose, who is about to perform a Vedic ritual (yajña), and who has mastered all Vedāntas—whether acting for the sake of his preceptor, father, or wife, or even for the sake of his own Vedic study (svādhyāya)—

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कृतार्थः (kṛtārthaḥ) - accomplished, one who has achieved his purpose

• यक्ष्यमाणः (yakṣyamāṇaḥ) - about to perform a sacrifice, wishing to sacrifice

• च (ca) - and

• सर्ववेदान्तगः (sarvavedāntagaḥ) - one who has mastered all Vedāntas

• च (ca) - and

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• आचार्यपितृभार्यार्थम् (ācāryapitṛbhāryārtham) - for the sake of preceptor, father, or wife

• स्वाध्यायार्थम् (svādhyāyārtham) - for the sake of one's own Vedic study

• अथ (atha) - functions as 'or' combined with api and vā (then, now, moreover, and, or)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, moreover, and)

• वा (vā) - or, either

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a character in the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect active indicative 3rd singular

From root vac (2nd class, adādi).

Root: vac (class 2)

कृतार्थः (kṛtārthaḥ) - accomplished, one who has achieved his purpose

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtārtha

kṛtārtha - one who has accomplished his object/purpose; successful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+artha)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  From root kṛ (to do).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• artha – purpose, object, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

यक्ष्यमाणः (yakṣyamāṇaḥ) - about to perform a sacrifice, wishing to sacrifice

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yakṣyamāṇa

yakṣyamāṇa - wishing to sacrifice, about to sacrifice

future passive participle (desiderative, middle voice)

Desiderative stem yakṣ from root yaj (to sacrifice), followed by śānac ending.

Root: yaj (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सर्ववेदान्तगः (sarvavedāntagaḥ) - one who has mastered all Vedāntas

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvavedāntaga

sarvavedāntaga - one who has gone to/reached the end of all Vedāntas; skilled in all Vedāntas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+vedānta+ga)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• vedānta – Vedānta (the end or culmination of the Vedas; a school of Hindu philosophy)
  noun (masculine)
• ga – going, moving, knowing, skilled in
  noun/adjective (masculine)
  noun/adjective suffix
  From root gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

आचार्यपितृभार्यार्थम् (ācāryapitṛbhāryārtham) - for the sake of preceptor, father, or wife

(indeclinable)

Compound ending in artha (for the sake of).

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (ācārya+pitṛ+bhāryā+artha)

• ācārya – preceptor, teacher, master
  noun (masculine)
• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)
• bhāryā – wife
  noun (feminine)
• artha – purpose, sake, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Formed by joining ācārya, pitṛ, bhāryā in a dvandva, then suffixing artha.

स्वाध्यायार्थम् (svādhyāyārtham) - for the sake of one's own Vedic study

(indeclinable)

Compound ending in artha (for the sake of).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svādhyāya+artha)

• svādhyāya – self-study, study of the Vedas, recitation of sacred texts (svādhyāya)
  noun (masculine)
  Typically, sva + adhyāya.
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: iṇ (class 2)
• artha – purpose, sake, object
  noun (masculine)

अथ (atha) - functions as 'or' combined with api and vā (then, now, moreover, and, or)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even (also, even, moreover, and)

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)