महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-159, verse-25

उदपानोदके ग्रामे ब्राह्मणो वृषलीपतिः ।
उषित्वा द्वादश समाः शूद्रकर्मेह गच्छति ॥२५॥

25. udapānodake grāme brāhmaṇo vṛṣalīpatiḥ ,
uṣitvā dvādaśa samāḥ śūdrakarmeha gacchati.

25. udapānodake grāme brāhmaṇaḥ vṛṣalīpatiḥ
uṣitvā dvādaśa samāḥ śūdrakarma iha gacchati

25. A Brahmin who is married to a Śūdra woman (vṛṣalīpatiḥ) and lives in a village where water is drawn from a well, having resided there for twelve years, indeed descends to the status of a Śūdra (śūdrakarma) in this world.

Words meanings summery:

• उदपानोदके (udapānodake) - in a village where well-water is the primary source (in the water of a well, regarding well-water)

• ग्रामे (grāme) - in a village

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin

• वृषलीपतिः (vṛṣalīpatiḥ) - husband of a Śūdra woman

• उषित्वा (uṣitvā) - having dwelt, having stayed

• द्वादश (dvādaśa) - twelve

• समाः (samāḥ) - years

• शूद्रकर्म (śūdrakarma) - the status of a Śūdra (the action or condition of a Śūdra)

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• गच्छति (gacchati) - descends to (a status) (goes, attains, reaches)

Words meanings and morphology

उदपानोदके (udapānodake) - in a village where well-water is the primary source (in the water of a well, regarding well-water)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of udapānodaka

udapānodaka - well-water

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (udapāna+udaka)

• udapāna – well, water-drawing device
  noun (neuter)
• udaka – water
  noun (neuter)

ग्रामे (grāme) - in a village

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of grāma

grāma - village, community

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class

वृषलीपतिः (vṛṣalīpatiḥ) - husband of a Śūdra woman

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛṣalīpati

vṛṣalīpati - husband of a Śūdra woman

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vṛṣalī+pati)

• vṛṣalī – Śūdra woman, low-caste woman
  noun (feminine)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

उषित्वा (uṣitvā) - having dwelt, having stayed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from root vas (to dwell) with suffix -tvā

Root: vas (class 1)

द्वादश (dvādaśa) - twelve

(numeral)

Note: declines for all genders and cases

समाः (samāḥ) - years

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of samā

samā - year

Note: Used here adverbially to denote duration, hence accusative plural.

शूद्रकर्म (śūdrakarma) - the status of a Śūdra (the action or condition of a Śūdra)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śūdrakarma

śūdrakarma - action of a Śūdra, duty of a Śūdra, condition of a Śūdra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śūdra+karma)

• śūdra – a member of the fourth social class
  noun (masculine)
• karma – action, deed, fate, duty
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

गच्छति (gacchati) - descends to (a status) (goes, attains, reaches)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)