महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-159, verse-18

तस्माद्राज्ञा सदा तेजो दुःसहं ब्रह्मवादिनाम् ।
मन्ता शास्ता विधाता च ब्राह्मणो देव उच्यते ।
तस्मिन्नाकुशलं ब्रूयान्न शुक्तामीरयेद्गिरम् ॥१८॥

18. tasmādrājñā sadā tejo duḥsahaṁ brahmavādinām ,
mantā śāstā vidhātā ca brāhmaṇo deva ucyate ,
tasminnākuśalaṁ brūyānna śuktāmīrayedgiram.

18. tasmāt rājñā sadā tejaḥ duḥsaham
brahmavādinām | mantā śāstā vidhātā ca
brāhmaṇaḥ devaḥ ucyate | tasmin na
akuśalam brūyāt na śuktām īrayet giram

18. tasmāt rājñā sadā brahmavādinām tejaḥ duḥsaham brāhmaṇaḥ mantā śāstā vidhātā ca devaḥ ucyate tasmin na akuśalam brūyāt,
na śuktām giram īrayet

18. Therefore, the spiritual power of those who teach about Brahman (brahmavādinām) is always unbearable even by a king. A Brahmin is declared to be a counselor, a discipliner, and an ordainer – indeed, a god. One should not speak ill of him, nor utter harsh words (girām).

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• तेजः (tejaḥ) - spiritual power (spiritual power, brilliance, energy)

• दुःसहम् (duḥsaham) - unbearable, difficult to endure

• ब्रह्मवादिनाम् (brahmavādinām) - of those who teach about Brahman (of those who speak of Brahman, of Brahmins)

• मन्ता (mantā) - a thinker, counselor

• शास्ता (śāstā) - a ruler, discipliner, teacher

• विधाता (vidhātā) - an ordainer, creator, dispenser

• च (ca) - and

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin

• देवः (devaḥ) - a god, divine being

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is called, is said

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in him, about him

• न (na) - not

• अकुशलम् (akuśalam) - ill (accusative, neuter) (inauspicious, evil, harmful)

• ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - should speak, should say

• न (na) - nor, not

• शुक्ताम् (śuktām) - harsh, rough, unpleasant (feminine accusative)

• ईरयेत् (īrayet) - should utter, should move

• गिरम् (giram) - word, speech

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

तेजः (tejaḥ) - spiritual power (spiritual power, brilliance, energy)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - splendor, brilliance, energy, spiritual power, fiery energy

दुःसहम् (duḥsaham) - unbearable, difficult to endure

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥsaha

duḥsaha - hard to bear, unbearable, irresistible

compound of 'dus' (bad, hard) and 'saha' (bearing, enduring)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+saha)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  prefix indicating difficulty or badness
• saha – bearing, enduring, tolerant, able
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from √sah (to endure)
  Root: sah (class 1)

ब्रह्मवादिनाम् (brahmavādinām) - of those who teach about Brahman (of those who speak of Brahman, of Brahmins)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of brahmavādin

brahmavādin - one who speaks of Brahman (brahman), theologian, expounder of the Vedas

compound of 'brahman' and 'vādin' (speaker)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+vādin)

• brahman – the Absolute, universal spirit, sacred knowledge, prayer
  noun (neuter)
• vādin – speaking, speaker, advocate
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun from √vad (to speak)
  Root: vad (class 1)

मन्ता (mantā) - a thinker, counselor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mantṛ

mantṛ - thinker, counselor, adviser

agent noun from √man (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

शास्ता (śāstā) - a ruler, discipliner, teacher

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāstṛ

śāstṛ - ruler, governor, discipliner, teacher

agent noun from √śās (to rule, to teach)

Root: śās (class 2)

विधाता (vidhātā) - an ordainer, creator, dispenser

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidhātṛ

vidhātṛ - ordainer, creator, dispenser, regulator

agent noun from vi + √dhā (to place, arrange, create)

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class, related to Brahman

derived from brahman

देवः (devaḥ) - a god, divine being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, divine

उच्यते (ucyate) - is called, is said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Present Passive

Present tense, 3rd person singular, passive voice, from √vac (to speak), irregular passive stem 'ucy'

Root: vac (class 2)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in him, about him

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अकुशलम् (akuśalam) - ill (accusative, neuter) (inauspicious, evil, harmful)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of akuśala

akuśala - inauspicious, unskillful, evil, bad

compound of 'a' (negation) and 'kuśala' (skillful, auspicious)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+kuśala)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• kuśala – skillful, clever, prosperous, auspicious, well-being
  adjective (neuter)

ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - should speak, should say

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of brū

Optative

Optative 3rd person singular, active voice, from √brū (to speak)

Root: brū (class 2)

न (na) - nor, not

(indeclinable)

शुक्ताम् (śuktām) - harsh, rough, unpleasant (feminine accusative)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śukta

śukta - harsh, rough, unpleasant, sour

Note: agrees with giram

ईरयेत् (īrayet) - should utter, should move

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of īr

Causative Optative

Causative stem 'īraya'. Optative 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: īr (class 6)

गिरम् (giram) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gir

gir - word, speech, voice