महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-159, verse-10

अदातृभ्यो हरेन्नित्यं व्याख्याप्य नृपतिः प्रभो ।
तथा ह्याचरतो धर्मो नृपतेः स्यादथाखिलः ॥१०॥

10. adātṛbhyo harennityaṁ vyākhyāpya nṛpatiḥ prabho ,
tathā hyācarato dharmo nṛpateḥ syādathākhilaḥ.

10. adātṛbhyaḥ haret nityam vyākhyāpya nṛpatiḥ prabho
tathā hi ācarataḥ dharmaḥ nṛpateḥ syāt atha akhilaḥ

10. prabho nṛpatiḥ vyākhyāpya adātṛbhyaḥ nityam haret
tathā hi ācarataḥ nṛpateḥ akhilaḥ dharmaḥ atha syāt

10. O lord, the king should always take (resources) from those who do not give (dāna), after explaining the reason. For by acting thus, the king's entire duty (dharma) would be fulfilled.

Words meanings summery:

• अदातृभ्यः (adātṛbhyaḥ) - from those who do not give (dāna), from misers

• हरेत् (haret) - one should take, one should collect

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

• व्याख्याप्य (vyākhyāpya) - having explained, after informing

• नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - the king, ruler

• प्रभो (prabho) - O lord, O master

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• आचरतः (ācarataḥ) - of one who acts, of one who behaves

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the king's duty or righteous action (intrinsic nature, constitution, natural law, duty, righteousness)

• नृपतेः (nṛpateḥ) - of the king

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be, would be, should be

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• अखिलः (akhilaḥ) - complete, entire, all

Words meanings and morphology

अदातृभ्यः (adātṛbhyaḥ) - from those who do not give (dāna), from misers

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of adātṛ

adātṛ - non-giver, miser

from root dā (to give), negated by a-

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+dātṛ)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• dātṛ – giver
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  from root dā
  Root: dā (class 3)

हरेत् (haret) - one should take, one should collect

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of hṛ

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject is nṛpatiḥ.

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

व्याख्याप्य (vyākhyāpya) - having explained, after informing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root khyā with prefixes vi and ā, in causative form

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Refers to the action of the king.

नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - the king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, protector
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of haret.

प्रभो (prabho) - O lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, powerful

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Indicates addressing the king or a higher authority.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

आचरतः (ācarataḥ) - of one who acts, of one who behaves

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ācarat

ācarat - acting, behaving

Present Active Participle

from root car with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Modifies nṛpateḥ.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the king's duty or righteous action (intrinsic nature, constitution, natural law, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, natural law, constitution, virtue

from root dhṛ (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of syāt.

नृपतेः (nṛpateḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, protector
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive of dharmaḥ.

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, would be, should be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective particle.

अखिलः (akhilaḥ) - complete, entire, all

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akhila

akhila - entire, complete, whole

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+khila)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• khila – deficient, lacking, waste land
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies dharmaḥ.