महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-159, verse-19

क्षत्रियो बाहुवीर्येण तरत्यापदमात्मनः ।
धनेन वैश्यः शूद्रश्च मन्त्रैर्होमैश्च वै द्विजः ॥१९॥

19. kṣatriyo bāhuvīryeṇa taratyāpadamātmanaḥ ,
dhanena vaiśyaḥ śūdraśca mantrairhomaiśca vai dvijaḥ.

19. kṣatriyaḥ bāhuvīryeṇa tarati āpadam ātmanaḥ | dhanena
vaiśyaḥ śūdraḥ ca mantraiḥ homaiḥ ca vai dvijaḥ

19. kṣatriyaḥ ātmanaḥ āpadam bāhuvīryeṇa tarati vaiśyaḥ ca śūdraḥ
dhanena (tarati) vai dvijaḥ ca mantraiḥ homaiḥ (tarati)

19. A Kṣatriya overcomes his own calamity by the strength of his arm. A Vaiśya and a Śūdra do so by wealth, while a twice-born (dvija) overcomes it by sacred verses (mantra) and oblations.

Words meanings summery:

• क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a Kṣatriya, member of the warrior class

• बाहुवीर्येण (bāhuvīryeṇa) - by strength of arm

• तरति (tarati) - overcomes, crosses, gets through

• आपदम् (āpadam) - calamity, misfortune

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself, his own (ātman)

• धनेन (dhanena) - by wealth

• वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a Vaiśya, member of the merchant/farmer class

• शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a Śūdra, member of the laborer class

• च (ca) - and

• मन्त्रैः (mantraiḥ) - by sacred verses (mantra)

• होमैः (homaiḥ) - by oblations

• च (ca) - and

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily (emphatic particle)

• द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a twice-born (dvija)

Words meanings and morphology

क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a Kṣatriya, member of the warrior class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - member of the warrior class, protector, ruler

बाहुवीर्येण (bāhuvīryeṇa) - by strength of arm

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bāhuvīrya

bāhuvīrya - strength of arm, valor

compound of 'bāhu' (arm) and 'vīrya' (strength)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bāhu+vīrya)

• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)
• vīrya – strength, power, energy
  noun (neuter)

तरति (tarati) - overcomes, crosses, gets through

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of tṛ

Present Active

Present tense, 3rd person singular, active voice, from √tṛ (to cross)

Root: tṛ (class 1)

आपदम् (āpadam) - calamity, misfortune

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āpad

āpad - calamity, misfortune, distress

Prefix: ā

Root: pad (class 4)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself, his own (ātman)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essential nature

धनेन (dhanena) - by wealth

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, property

वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a Vaiśya, member of the merchant/farmer class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśya

vaiśya - member of the merchant or farmer class

शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a Śūdra, member of the laborer class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūdra

śūdra - member of the laborer class

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मन्त्रैः (mantraiḥ) - by sacred verses (mantra)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mantra

mantra - sacred utterance, hymn, incantation, formula

from √man (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

होमैः (homaiḥ) - by oblations

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of homa

homa - oblation, sacrifice, burnt offering

from √hu (to offer)

Root: hu (class 3)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed, verily (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a twice-born (dvija)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya), bird, tooth

compound of 'dvi' (two) and 'ja' (born)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two
  numeral (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  from √jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)