महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-159, verse-13

क्षत्रियस्य हि बालिश्याद्ब्राह्मणः क्लिश्यते क्षुधा ।
श्रुतशीले समाज्ञाय वृत्तिमस्य प्रकल्पयेत् ।
अथैनं परिरक्षेत पिता पुत्रमिवौरसम् ॥१३॥

13. kṣatriyasya hi bāliśyādbrāhmaṇaḥ kliśyate kṣudhā ,
śrutaśīle samājñāya vṛttimasya prakalpayet ,
athainaṁ parirakṣeta pitā putramivaurasam.

13. kṣatriyasya hi bāliśyāt brāhmaṇaḥ
kliśyate kṣudhā śrutaśīle samājñāya
vṛttim asya prakalpayet atha enam
parirakṣeta pitā putram iva aurasam

13. (hi) kṣatriyasya bāliśyāt brāhmaṇaḥ
kṣudhā kliśyate (ataḥ) (yaḥ) śrutaśīle
samājñāya asya vṛttim prakalpayet atha
enam pitā aurasam putram iva parirakṣeta

13. Indeed, due to the foolishness of a kṣatriya, a Brahmin suffers from hunger. Therefore, having fully ascertained his knowledge and character, one should provide him with a livelihood. Then, one should protect him like a father protects his own legitimate son.

Words meanings summery:

• क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a member of the warrior/ruling class (of a warrior, of a ruler, of a kshatriya)

• हि (hi) - indeed, indicating emphasis or reason (indeed, surely, for, because)

• बालिश्यात् (bāliśyāt) - due to the foolishness or immaturity (of the kṣatriya) (from foolishness, from childishness, from immaturity)

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a member of the priestly class (a Brahmin)

• क्लिश्यते (kliśyate) - suffers distress or hardship (suffers, is distressed, is afflicted)

• क्षुधा (kṣudhā) - due to lack of food (by hunger, from hunger)

• श्रुतशीले (śrutaśīle) - both the acquired knowledge and good character (knowledge and character (dual), in knowledge and character)

• समाज्ञाय (samājñāya) - having carefully determined (his knowledge and character) (having fully known, having ascertained, having recognized)

• वृत्तिम् (vṛttim) - means of sustenance, income (livelihood, profession, conduct)

• अस्य (asya) - of him (the Brahmin) (of him, to him, its, this)

• प्रकल्पयेत् (prakalpayet) - one (the kṣatriya or the ruling authority) should arrange or provide (livelihood) (one should provide, one should arrange, one should devise)

• अथ (atha) - then, following the previous action (then, thereupon, moreover, now)

• एनम् (enam) - him (the Brahmin) (him, this one)

• परिरक्षेत (parirakṣeta) - one (the kṣatriya or the ruling authority) should protect (the Brahmin) (one should protect, he should guard)

• पिता (pitā) - a father (father)

• पुत्रम् (putram) - a son (son)

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

• औरसम् (aurasam) - one's own legitimate (son) (legitimate, born of one's own body, proper)

Words meanings and morphology

क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a member of the warrior/ruling class (of a warrior, of a ruler, of a kshatriya)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a member of the warrior or ruling class, a kshatriya

Derived from kṣatra (dominion, power)

हि (hi) - indeed, indicating emphasis or reason (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

बालिश्यात् (bāliśyāt) - due to the foolishness or immaturity (of the kṣatriya) (from foolishness, from childishness, from immaturity)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bāliśya

bāliśya - foolishness, childishness, immaturity, ignorance

Derived from bāliśa (childish, foolish)

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a member of the priestly class (a Brahmin)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, a priest, belonging to Brahman, relating to the Vedas

Derived from brahman (sacred knowledge, ultimate reality)

क्लिश्यते (kliśyate) - suffers distress or hardship (suffers, is distressed, is afflicted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kliś

Root: kliś (class 4)

Note: The form is middle voice (ātmanepada) for passive in Sanskrit.

क्षुधा (kṣudhā) - due to lack of food (by hunger, from hunger)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kṣudh

kṣudh - hunger, appetite

श्रुतशीले (śrutaśīle) - both the acquired knowledge and good character (knowledge and character (dual), in knowledge and character)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, dual of śrutaśīla

śrutaśīla - knowledge and character, learning and moral conduct

Dvanda compound of śruta and śīla

Compound type : dvandva (śruta+śīla)

• śruta – heard, revealed (scripture), knowledge, learning
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of śru (to hear)
  Root: śru (class 5)
• śīla – character, conduct, habit, nature, morality
  noun (neuter)

Note: Can also be locative dual, but accusative fits the context "having ascertained".

समाज्ञाय (samājñāya) - having carefully determined (his knowledge and character) (having fully known, having ascertained, having recognized)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) form with prefixes sam- and ā-

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) indicates an action completed before the main verb.

वृत्तिम् (vṛttim) - means of sustenance, income (livelihood, profession, conduct)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vṛtti

vṛtti - livelihood, profession, conduct, existence, mode of being

Derived from root vṛt (to be, to exist)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

अस्य (asya) - of him (the Brahmin) (of him, to him, its, this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, that

Note: Can be masculine, feminine or neuter genitive/dative singular of 'idam'. Here refers to the Brahmin.

प्रकल्पयेत् (prakalpayet) - one (the kṣatriya or the ruling authority) should arrange or provide (livelihood) (one should provide, one should arrange, one should devise)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of prakalp

Causative of kḷp (to be arranged) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Expresses a command, request, or potential.

अथ (atha) - then, following the previous action (then, thereupon, moreover, now)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective adverb.

एनम् (enam) - him (the Brahmin) (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of enad

enad - this, that

Note: Anaphoric pronoun.

परिरक्षेत (parirakṣeta) - one (the kṣatriya or the ruling authority) should protect (the Brahmin) (one should protect, he should guard)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of parirakṣ

With prefix pari-

Prefix: pari

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Expresses a command, request, or potential.

पिता (pitā) - a father (father)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

पुत्रम् (putram) - a son (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: particle of comparison.

औरसम् (aurasam) - one's own legitimate (son) (legitimate, born of one's own body, proper)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aurasa

aurasa - born of one's own body, legitimate, proper, own

Derived from uras (chest, breast) indicating 'from one's own body'

Note: Agrees with putram.