महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-159, verse-4

सर्वरत्नानि राजा च यथार्हं प्रतिपादयेत् ।
ब्राह्मणाश्चैव यज्ञाश्च सहान्नाः सहदक्षिणाः ॥४॥

4. sarvaratnāni rājā ca yathārhaṁ pratipādayet ,
brāhmaṇāścaiva yajñāśca sahānnāḥ sahadakṣiṇāḥ.

4. sarvaratnāni rājā ca yathārham pratipādayet
brāhmaṇāḥ ca eva yajñāḥ ca sahānnāḥ sahadakṣiṇāḥ

4. rājā ca sarvaratnāni yathārham pratipādayet
brāhmaṇāḥ ca eva yajñāḥ ca sahānnāḥ sahadakṣiṇāḥ

4. And the king should bestow all jewels (ratna) as appropriate. And indeed, Brahmins and Vedic rituals (yajña) are accompanied by food and by ritual fees (dakṣiṇā).

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वरत्नानि (sarvaratnāni) - all valuable things (all jewels, all treasures)

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• च (ca) - and

• यथार्हम् (yathārham) - according to the worthiness of the recipients or the appropriateness of the gift. (as is proper, according to merit, suitably)

• प्रतिपादयेत् (pratipādayet) - should bestow, should grant, should give

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - emphasizes the connection between Brahmins/sacrifices and food/fees. (indeed, just, only)

• यज्ञाः (yajñāḥ) - sacrifices, rituals (yajña)

• च (ca) - and

• सहान्नाः (sahānnāḥ) - implying that food is an essential component or accompaniment. (accompanied by food, having food)

• सहदक्षिणाः (sahadakṣiṇāḥ) - implying that ritual fees are an essential component or accompaniment. (accompanied by ritual fees, having ritual fees (dakṣiṇā))

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वरत्नानि (sarvaratnāni) - all valuable things (all jewels, all treasures)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sarvaratna

sarvaratna - all jewels, all treasures, all precious things

Compound of sarva (all) and ratna (jewel).

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (sarva+ratna)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• ratna – jewel, gem, treasure, precious object
  noun (neuter)
  From root rā (to give, obtain) or ram (to delight).

Note: Object of pratipādayet.

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of pratipādayet.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects this sentence to a previous implicit thought, or simply adds emphasis.

यथार्हम् (yathārham) - according to the worthiness of the recipients or the appropriateness of the gift. (as is proper, according to merit, suitably)

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva compound with yathā (as) and arha (worthy).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+arha)

• yathā – as, just as, according to
  indeclinable
  Adverb of manner.
• arha – worthy, deserving, suitable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root arh (to deserve).
  Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Modifies pratipādayet.

प्रतिपादयेत् (pratipādayet) - should bestow, should grant, should give

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of pratipad

optative active 3rd singular (causative of pratipad)

From root pad (to go) with prefix prati, in the causative sense (pādayati). Optative mood.

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Expresses a command or recommendation.

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, a member of the priestly class

Derived from brahman.

Note: Subject.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects this clause.

एव (eva) - emphasizes the connection between Brahmins/sacrifices and food/fees. (indeed, just, only)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

यज्ञाः (yajñāḥ) - sacrifices, rituals (yajña)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yajña

yajña - sacrifice, ritual, worship (yajña)

From root yaj (to sacrifice).

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Subject.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects yajñāḥ to brāhmaṇāḥ.

सहान्नाः (sahānnāḥ) - implying that food is an essential component or accompaniment. (accompanied by food, having food)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahānna

sahānna - with food, accompanied by food

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'that which has food with it'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saha+anna)

• saha – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix or adverb.
• anna – food, cooked rice, grain
  noun (neuter)
  From root ad (to eat).
  Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Agrees with brāhmaṇāḥ and yajñāḥ.

सहदक्षिणाः (sahadakṣiṇāḥ) - implying that ritual fees are an essential component or accompaniment. (accompanied by ritual fees, having ritual fees (dakṣiṇā))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahadakṣiṇā

sahadakṣiṇā - with ritual fees, accompanied by dakṣiṇā

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'that which has dakṣiṇā with it'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saha+dakṣiṇā)

• saha – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix or adverb.
• dakṣiṇā – ritual fee, sacrificial fee, donation (dakṣiṇā)
  noun (feminine)
  Root: dakṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with brāhmaṇāḥ and yajñāḥ.