महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-159, verse-40

त्रिभागं ब्रह्महत्यायाः कन्या प्राप्नोति दुष्यती ।
यस्तु दूषयिता तस्याः शेषं प्राप्नोति किल्बिषम् ॥४०॥

40. tribhāgaṁ brahmahatyāyāḥ kanyā prāpnoti duṣyatī ,
yastu dūṣayitā tasyāḥ śeṣaṁ prāpnoti kilbiṣam.

40. tribhāgam brahmahatyāyāḥ kanyā prāpnoti duṣyatī
yaḥ tu dūṣayitā tasyāḥ śeṣam prāpnoti kilbiṣam

40. duṣyatī kanyā brahmahatyāyāḥ tribhāgam prāpnoti.
yaḥ tu tasyāḥ dūṣayitā śeṣam kilbiṣam prāpnoti

40. A maiden, if she becomes corrupted, incurs one-third of the sin of brahmin-murder (brahmahatyā). And he who defiles her incurs the remainder of that sin (kilbiṣam).

Words meanings summery:

• त्रिभागम् (tribhāgam) - one-third share, a third part

• ब्रह्महत्यायाः (brahmahatyāyāḥ) - of the sin of brahmin-murder (brahmahatyā)

• कन्या (kanyā) - a maiden, a girl, a virgin

• प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - obtains, incurs, reaches

• दुष्यती (duṣyatī) - being corrupted, being defiled, becoming spoiled

• यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• दूषयिता (dūṣayitā) - the defiler, the corruptor

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of her

• शेषम् (śeṣam) - the remainder, the rest, the balance

• प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - obtains, incurs, reaches

• किल्बिषम् (kilbiṣam) - sin, guilt, fault, offense

Words meanings and morphology

त्रिभागम् (tribhāgam) - one-third share, a third part

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tribhāga

tribhāga - one-third share, a third part, divided into three parts

Compound type : dvigu (tri+bhāga)

• tri – three
  numeral
• bhāga – part, share, portion, division
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root bhaj (to divide, to share).
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Direct object of 'prāpnoti'.

ब्रह्महत्यायाः (brahmahatyāyāḥ) - of the sin of brahmin-murder (brahmahatyā)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of brahmahatyā

brahmahatyā - the murder of a brahmin, the sin of brahmin-murder (brahmahatyā)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+hatyā)

• brahman – Brahmin (masculine), sacred word, ultimate reality (brahman) (neuter)
  noun (masculine)
• hatyā – murder, killing, slaughter
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root han (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Indicates the source or type of the 'tribhāgam' (one-third share).

कन्या (kanyā) - a maiden, a girl, a virgin

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kanyā

kanyā - a maiden, a girl, a virgin, daughter

Note: Subject of 'prāpnoti'.

प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - obtains, incurs, reaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prāp

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

दुष्यती (duṣyatī) - being corrupted, being defiled, becoming spoiled

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of duṣyat

duṣyat - corrupting, defiling, becoming spoiled, decaying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root duṣ (to be corrupted, to spoil) with -at suffix.

Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'kanyā', indicating her state or condition.

यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Relative pronoun introducing the clause about the defiler.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

दूषयिता (dūṣayitā) - the defiler, the corruptor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dūṣayitṛ

dūṣayitṛ - defiler, corruptor, one who pollutes, one who blames

Agent Noun

Derived from the causative stem of root duṣ (to spoil, defile) with the agentive suffix -tṛ.

Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Subject of the second 'prāpnoti'.

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of her

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, her, referring to something previously mentioned

Note: Refers to the 'kanyā' (maiden).

शेषम् (śeṣam) - the remainder, the rest, the balance

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śeṣa

śeṣa - remainder, residue, rest, balance, surplus

Derived from root śiṣ (to leave remaining).

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Direct object of the second 'prāpnoti'.

प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - obtains, incurs, reaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prāp

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

किल्बिषम् (kilbiṣam) - sin, guilt, fault, offense

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kilbiṣa

kilbiṣa - sin, guilt, fault, offense, crime

Note: Direct object of the second 'prāpnoti'.