महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-138, verse-9

एवमेव प्रशंसन्ति पण्डितास्तत्त्वदर्शिनः ।
तस्माच्चतुष्टये तस्मिन्प्रधानो दण्ड उच्यते ॥९॥

9. evameva praśaṁsanti paṇḍitāstattvadarśinaḥ ,
tasmāccatuṣṭaye tasminpradhāno daṇḍa ucyate.

9. evam eva praśaṃsanti paṇḍitāḥ tattvadarśinaḥ
tasmāt catuṣṭaye tasmin pradhānaḥ daṇḍaḥ ucyate

9. paṇḍitāḥ tattvadarśinaḥ evam eva praśaṃsanti
tasmāt tasmin catuṣṭaye daṇḍaḥ pradhānaḥ ucyate

9. In this very manner, the wise ones who perceive the truth (tattva) praise it. Therefore, among those four (means of policy), authority (daṇḍa) is declared to be the foremost.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, very

• प्रशंसन्ति (praśaṁsanti) - they praise, they commend

• पण्डिताः (paṇḍitāḥ) - learned ones, wise persons, scholars

• तत्त्वदर्शिनः (tattvadarśinaḥ) - seers of truth, those who perceive reality

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, for that reason

• चतुष्टये (catuṣṭaye) - in the group of four means of policy (sāma, dāna, bheda, daṇḍa) (in the group of four, in the quartet)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, on that

• प्रधानः (pradhānaḥ) - chief, principal, primary, foremost

• दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - authority, governance, the power of justice (stick, rod, staff, punishment, chastisement, authority, governance, scepter)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is declared

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, very

(indeclinable)

प्रशंसन्ति (praśaṁsanti) - they praise, they commend

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of praśaṃs

Present Tense, 3rd Person, Plural

Derived from root śaṃs (class 1, parasmāipada) with upasarga pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

पण्डिताः (paṇḍitāḥ) - learned ones, wise persons, scholars

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paṇḍita

paṇḍita - learned, wise, skilled, scholar, pundit

Masculine, nominative plural of paṇḍita.

तत्त्वदर्शिनः (tattvadarśinaḥ) - seers of truth, those who perceive reality

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tattvadarśin

tattvadarśin - one who perceives truth, one who sees reality, a philosopher, a seer of principles

Compound noun, masculine, nominative plural.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tattva+darśin)

• tattva – truth, reality, principle, essence
  noun (neuter)
• darśin – seeing, perceiving, showing, a seer
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root dṛś (to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'paṇḍitāḥ'.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, for that reason

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of tad.

Note: Used here as a conjunction 'therefore'.

चतुष्टये (catuṣṭaye) - in the group of four means of policy (sāma, dāna, bheda, daṇḍa) (in the group of four, in the quartet)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of catuṣṭaya

catuṣṭaya - a group of four, a quartet

Locative singular of catuṣṭaya.

Note: Refers to the four *upāyas* (means of policy).

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, on that

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Locative singular of tad, masculine or neuter.

प्रधानः (pradhānaḥ) - chief, principal, primary, foremost

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pradhāna

pradhāna - chief, principal, main, foremost; also refers to primal matter (prakṛti) in Sāṃkhya philosophy

Masculine, nominative singular.

Note: Qualifies 'daṇḍaḥ'.

दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - authority, governance, the power of justice (stick, rod, staff, punishment, chastisement, authority, governance, scepter)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - stick, staff, rod, punishment, scepter, authority, governance, fine, army

Masculine, nominative singular.

Root: daṇḍ (class 10)

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Present Tense, 3rd Person, Singular, Passive Voice

Passive form of root vac (class 2, parasmāipada).

Root: vac (class 2)