महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-138, verse-12

सुमन्त्रितं सुविक्रान्तं सुयुद्धं सुपलायितम् ।
आपदां पदकालेषु कुर्वीत न विचारयेत् ॥१२॥

12. sumantritaṁ suvikrāntaṁ suyuddhaṁ supalāyitam ,
āpadāṁ padakāleṣu kurvīta na vicārayet.

12. sumantritam suvikrāntam suyuddham supalāyitam
āpadām padakāleṣu kurvīta na vicārayet

12. āpadām padakāleṣu sumantritam suvikrāntam
suyuddham supalāyitam kurvīta na vicārayet

12. Well-advised deliberation, valiant action, a well-fought battle, and a strategic retreat – one should undertake these in times of calamity, without hesitation.

Words meanings summery:

• सुमन्त्रितम् (sumantritam) - well-counseled, well-advised

• सुविक्रान्तम् (suvikrāntam) - well-valiant, valorous deed, display of great prowess

• सुयुद्धम् (suyuddham) - well-fought battle, good warfare

• सुपलायितम् (supalāyitam) - well-retreated, strategic retreat, successful flight

• आपदाम् (āpadām) - of calamities, of misfortunes, of dangers

• पदकालेषु (padakāleṣu) - in times of distress, in suitable opportunities for action

• कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - one should do, one should undertake, he should make

• न (na) - not, no

• विचारयेत् (vicārayet) - he should deliberate, he should ponder, he should hesitate

Words meanings and morphology

सुमन्त्रितम् (sumantritam) - well-counseled, well-advised

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sumantrita

sumantrita - well-counseled, well-advised, well-planned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root mantr (to advise) with upasarga su-. Neuter, accusative singular (used substantively).

Compound type : praadi (su+mantrita)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating excellence.
• mantrita – counseled, advised, planned
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root mantr.
  Root: mantr (class 10)

Note: Used substantively as an object of 'kurvīta'.

सुविक्रान्तम् (suvikrāntam) - well-valiant, valorous deed, display of great prowess

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of suvikrānta

suvikrānta - well-valiant, powerful, heroic deed, great prowess

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kram (to step, go) with upasargas vi- and su-. Neuter, accusative singular (used substantively).

Compound type : praadi (su+vikrānta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating excellence.
• vikrānta – valiant, powerful, stepped, traversed; valor, prowess
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kram with upasarga vi-.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Used substantively as an object of 'kurvīta'.

सुयुद्धम् (suyuddham) - well-fought battle, good warfare

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of suyuddha

suyuddha - well-fought, good battle, successful fight

Neuter, accusative singular. Compound with su-.

Compound type : praadi (su+yuddha)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating excellence.
• yuddha – fought, battled; battle, war, fight
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (used as noun)
  Derived from root yudh (to fight).
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'kurvīta'.

सुपलायितम् (supalāyitam) - well-retreated, strategic retreat, successful flight

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of supalāyita

supalāyita - well-fled, well-retreated, well-escaped; good retreat/flight

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root ay (to go) with upasargas palā- and su-. Neuter, accusative singular (used substantively).

Compound type : praadi (su+palāyita)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating excellence.
• palāyita – fled, escaped, retreated; flight, escape
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (used as noun)
  Derived from root ay (to go) with upasarga palā-.
  Prefix: palā
  Root: ay (class 1)

Note: Used substantively as an object of 'kurvīta'.

आपदाम् (āpadām) - of calamities, of misfortunes, of dangers

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of āpad

āpad - calamity, misfortune, danger, distress

Feminine, genitive plural.

Prefix: ā

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'padakāleṣu'.

पदकालेषु (padakāleṣu) - in times of distress, in suitable opportunities for action

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of padakāla

padakāla - time of action, critical moment, time of distress/calamity

Masculine, locative plural.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pada+kāla)

• pada – step, foot, mark, station, occasion
  noun (neuter)
• kāla – time, season, proper time
  noun (masculine)

Note: Specifies when the actions should be taken.

कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - one should do, one should undertake, he should make

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of kṛ

Optative Mood, 3rd Person, Singular, Middle Voice (ātmanepada)

Derived from root kṛ (class 8, ubhayapadī, here ātmanepada).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates 'vicārayet'.

विचारयेत् (vicārayet) - he should deliberate, he should ponder, he should hesitate

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of vicāray

Causative Optative Mood, 3rd Person, Singular

Causative from root car (to move, act) with upasarga vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)