महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-138, verse-32

आशां कालवतीं कुर्यात्तां च विघ्नेन योजयेत् ।
विघ्नं निमित्ततो ब्रूयान्निमित्तं चापि हेतुतः ॥३२॥

32. āśāṁ kālavatīṁ kuryāttāṁ ca vighnena yojayet ,
vighnaṁ nimittato brūyānnimittaṁ cāpi hetutaḥ.

32. āśām kālavatīm kuryāt tām ca vighnena yojayet
vighnam nimittataḥ brūyāt nimittam ca api hetutaḥ

32. āśām kālavatīm kuryāt.
tām ca vighnena yojayet.
vighnam nimittataḥ brūyāt.
nimittam ca api hetutaḥ (brūyāt).

32. One should make a hope (āśā) time-bound and associate it with an obstacle (vighna). The obstacle should be presented under the guise of a pretext (nimitta), and that pretext, in turn, should be justified by a valid reason (hetu).

Words meanings summery:

• आशाम् (āśām) - hope, expectation (hope, expectation, desire)

• कालवतीम् (kālavatīm) - having a set deadline or duration (time-bound, having time, having a specific period)

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should do, should make, should perform

• ताम् (tām) - that (hope/expectation) (that (feminine))

• च (ca) - and, also

• विघ्नेन (vighnena) - with an obstacle (vighna) (by an obstacle, with a hindrance)

• योजयेत् (yojayet) - should associate (with) (should join, should connect, should apply, should associate)

• विघ्नम् (vighnam) - obstacle (vighna) (obstacle, hindrance)

• निमित्ततः (nimittataḥ) - under the guise of a pretext (nimitta) (from a cause, by means of a pretext, on account of a sign)

• ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - should say, should speak, should declare

• निमित्तम् (nimittam) - pretext (nimitta) (pretext, cause, sign, motive)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - in turn, also (also, even, too)

• हेतुतः (hetutaḥ) - by a valid reason (hetu) (from a reason, by means of a cause)

Words meanings and morphology

आशाम् (āśām) - hope, expectation (hope, expectation, desire)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āśā

āśā - hope, expectation, desire, direction, quarter of the sky

कालवतीम् (kālavatīm) - having a set deadline or duration (time-bound, having time, having a specific period)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kālavat

kālavat - having time, time-bound, possessing a proper season

Derived from 'kāla' (time) with suffix '-vat' (possessing).

Note: Modifying 'āśām'.

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should do, should make, should perform

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ताम् (tām) - that (hope/expectation) (that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it, that one

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विघ्नेन (vighnena) - with an obstacle (vighna) (by an obstacle, with a hindrance)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vighna

vighna - obstacle, hindrance, impediment, difficulty

Prefix: vi

Root: han (class 2)

योजयेत् (yojayet) - should associate (with) (should join, should connect, should apply, should associate)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of yuj

Root: yuj (class 7)

विघ्नम् (vighnam) - obstacle (vighna) (obstacle, hindrance)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vighna

vighna - obstacle, hindrance, impediment, difficulty

Prefix: vi

Root: han (class 2)

निमित्ततः (nimittataḥ) - under the guise of a pretext (nimitta) (from a cause, by means of a pretext, on account of a sign)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'nimitta' (pretext, cause, sign) with suffix '-tas' (from, by means of).

ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - should say, should speak, should declare

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

निमित्तम् (nimittam) - pretext (nimitta) (pretext, cause, sign, motive)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nimitta

nimitta - sign, omen, cause, motive, pretext, target

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - in turn, also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

हेतुतः (hetutaḥ) - by a valid reason (hetu) (from a reason, by means of a cause)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'hetu' (reason, cause) with suffix '-tas' (from, by means of).