महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-138, verse-35

अनागतं विजानीयाद्यच्छेद्भयमुपस्थितम् ।
पुनर्वृद्धिक्षयात्किंचिदभिवृत्तं निशामयेत् ॥३५॥

35. anāgataṁ vijānīyādyacchedbhayamupasthitam ,
punarvṛddhikṣayātkiṁcidabhivṛttaṁ niśāmayet.

35. anāgatam vijānīyāt yat chidet bhayam upasthitam
punaḥ vṛddhikṣayāt kiñcit abhivṛttam niśāmayet

35. anāgatam vijānīyāt yat bhayam upasthitam chidet
ca punaḥ vṛddhikṣayāt kiñcit abhivṛttam niśāmayet

35. One should discern what is yet to come and avert the danger that is already present. Furthermore, one should carefully observe anything that has resulted from increase or decrease (growth and decay).

Words meanings summery:

• अनागतम् (anāgatam) - not arrived, impending, future

• विजानीयात् (vijānīyāt) - one should know, one should understand, one should discern

• यत् (yat) - which (danger) (which, that)

• छिदेत् (chidet) - one should cut, one should avert, one should destroy

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear, danger

• उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - arrived, present, standing by

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, moreover, furthermore

• वृद्धिक्षयात् (vṛddhikṣayāt) - from growth and decay, from increase and decrease

• किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - something, anything

• अभिवृत्तम् (abhivṛttam) - occurred, happened, resulted

• निशामयेत् (niśāmayet) - one should perceive, one should observe, one should notice

Words meanings and morphology

अनागतम् (anāgatam) - not arrived, impending, future

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anāgata

anāgata - not arrived, not come, future, impending

Past Passive Participle (negative)

na + āgata (ā + √gam + kta)

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+āgata)

• na – not, no
  indeclinable
• āgata – arrived, come
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from ā + √gam + kta
  Prefix: ā
  Root: √gam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'vijānīyāt'

विजानीयात् (vijānīyāt) - one should know, one should understand, one should discern

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of √jñā

Optative 3rd sg. Parasmaipada of vi-√jñā

Prefix: vi

Root: √jñā (class 9)

यत् (yat) - which (danger) (which, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Object of 'chidet'

छिदेत् (chidet) - one should cut, one should avert, one should destroy

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of √chid

Optative 3rd sg. Parasmaipada

Root: √chid (class 7)

भयम् (bhayam) - fear, danger

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, danger, dread

from √bhī

Root: √bhī (class 3)

Note: Object of 'chidet'

उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - arrived, present, standing by

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of upasthita

upasthita - present, arrived, standing by, at hand

Past Passive Participle

from upa-√sthā + kta

Prefix: upa

Root: √sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'bhayam'

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, moreover, furthermore

(indeclinable)

वृद्धिक्षयात् (vṛddhikṣayāt) - from growth and decay, from increase and decrease

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of vṛddhikṣaya

vṛddhikṣaya - growth and decay, increase and decrease

Dvandva compound of vṛddhi and kṣaya

Compound type : Dvandva (vṛddhi+kṣaya)

• vṛddhi – growth, increase, prosperity
  noun (feminine)
  from √vṛdh (to grow)
  Root: √vṛdh (class 1)
• kṣaya – decay, diminution, destruction
  noun (masculine)
  from √kṣi (to decay, destroy)
  Root: √kṣi (class 1)

किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - something, anything

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here as a substantive referring to 'anything (that has occurred)'

अभिवृत्तम् (abhivṛttam) - occurred, happened, resulted

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of abhivṛtta

abhivṛtta - occurred, happened, resulted, turned out

Past Passive Participle

from abhi-√vṛt + kta

Prefix: abhi

Root: √vṛt (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'kiñcit'

निशामयेत् (niśāmayet) - one should perceive, one should observe, one should notice

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of √śam

Optative 3rd sg. Parasmaipada of ni-√śam (causative stem)

Prefix: ni

Root: √śam (class 4)